表語：說明主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、等.可為形容詞、副詞、名詞、代詞、不定式、分詞.當(dāng)聯(lián)系動詞不是be,而其后是名詞和代詞時,多表達‘轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?注意與動賓關(guān)系的區(qū)別.
感官動詞多可用作聯(lián)系動詞：look well/面色好,sound nice/聽起來不錯,feel good/感覺好,smell bad/難聞
例：Tom is a boy.(Tom是個男孩）/主語為Tom,系詞為be動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)is,表語為a boy
>> There be 結(jié)構(gòu)：
There be 表示‘存在有’.這里的there沒有實際意義,不可與副詞‘there那里’混淆.
此結(jié)構(gòu)后跟名詞,表示‘（存在）有某事物’
試比較：There is a boy there.（那兒有一個男孩.）/前一個there無實意,后一個there為副詞‘那里’.
二、定語：定語是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子,漢語中常用‘……的’表示.返回
定語通常位于被修飾的成分前.若修飾some,any,every,no構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時,（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分詞短語作定語、從句作定語時,則定語通常置后.副詞用作定語時須放在名詞之后.
形容詞作定語：
The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修飾名詞boy；blue修飾名詞pen.）/小男孩需要一支蘭色的鋼筆.
Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是個英俊的男孩.
There is a good boy./有個乖男孩.
數(shù)詞作定語相當(dāng)于形容詞：Two boys need two pens./兩個男孩需要兩支鋼筆.
The two boys are students./這兩個男孩是學(xué)生.
There are two boys in the room./房間里有兩個男孩.
代詞或名詞所有格作定語：
His boy needs Tom\'s pen./他的男孩需要Tom的鋼筆.
His name is Tom./他的名字是湯姆.
There are two boys of Toms there./那兒有Tom家的兩個男孩.
介詞短語作定語：
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支鋼筆.
The boy in blue is Tom./穿蘭色衣服的孩子是湯姆.
There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有兩個9歲的,三個10歲的男孩.
名詞作定語：
The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圓珠筆.
It is a ball pen./這是一支圓珠筆.
There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./這鉛筆盒里只有一支圓珠筆.
副詞作定語：
The boy there needs a pen./那兒的男孩需要一支鋼筆.
The best boy here is Tom./這里最棒的男孩是Tom.
不定式作定語：
The boy to write this letter needs a pen./寫這封信的男孩需要一支鋼筆.
The boy to write this letter is Tom./將要寫這封信的男孩是湯姆.
There is nothing to do today./今天無事要做.
分詞（短語）作定語：
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那個微笑的男孩需要一支他媽媽買的鋼筆.
The pen bought by her is made in China./她買的筆是中國產(chǎn)的.
There are five boys left./有五個留下的男孩.
定語從句：
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那個在閱讀的男孩需要你昨天買的鋼筆.
The boy you will know is Tom./你將認識的男孩叫湯姆.
There are five boys who will play the game./參加游戲的男孩有五個.