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　　Organization of this text
　　Civil engineering,the oldest of the engineering specialties,is the planning,design,construction,and management of the built environment．This environment includes all structures built according to scientific principles,from irrigation and drainage systems to rocket-launching facilities.
　　土木工程,最老的工程專業(yè),是建筑環(huán)境的規(guī)劃、設(shè)計、施工和管理.這個環(huán)境包括從灌溉和排水系統(tǒng)到火箭發(fā)射設(shè)施的所有根據(jù)科學(xué)原理建造的結(jié)構(gòu)物.
　　Civil engineers build roads,bridges,tunnels,dams,harbors,power plants,water and sewage systems,hospitals,schools,mass transit,and other public facilities essential to modern society and large population concentrations．
　　土木工程師修建道路、橋梁、隧道、大壩、港口、發(fā)電站、水系統(tǒng)和污水系統(tǒng),醫(yī)院、學(xué)校、公共交通系統(tǒng),以及現(xiàn)代化社會和大量人口集中的地方所必需的其他公共設(shè)施.
　　Civil engineering and civil engineers
　　They also build privately owned facilities such as airports,railroads,pipelines,skyscrapers,and other large structures designed for industrial,commercial,or residential use．
　　他們也修建私人擁有的設(shè)施,如機場、鐵路、水渠、高樓大廈,和為工業(yè)、商業(yè)、民用設(shè)計的其他大型建筑.