狀語從句講解
狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子.通常由副詞、介詞短語、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞和從句等擔(dān)當(dāng).例如：
1.Naturally ,our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call .(副詞)
2.We worked hard ,from sunrise to sunset .(介詞狀短語)
3.To help my disabled aunt ,I spend an hour working in her house every day .(不定式)
4.Seen from a distance ,the farmhouse looked deserted .(過去分詞)
5.I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因狀語從句）
狀語的位置比較靈活,可以位于句首、句末或句中.enough用作狀語修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí)必須后置.
狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語.一般可分為九大類,分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較和方式.盡管種類較多,但由于狀語從句與漢語結(jié)構(gòu)和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不難.狀語從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語從句的常用連接詞
和特殊的連接詞即考點(diǎn).現(xiàn)分別列舉如下:
1． 時(shí)間狀語從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：when,as,while,as soon as,while,before,after,since ,till,until
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the minute,the moment,the second,every time,the day,the instant,immediately ,directly,no sooner … than,hardly …when,scarcely … when
I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV,his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard(果園) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice,I get into trouble.
2． 地點(diǎn)狀語從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：where
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：wherever,anywhere,everywhere
Generally,air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go,you should work hard.
3． 原因狀語從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：because,since,as,since
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeing that,now that,in that,considering that,given that,considering that,
My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come,let’s begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old,his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.
4． 目的狀語從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that,in order that
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest,in case,for fear that,in the hope that,for the purpose that,to the end that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
5． 結(jié)果狀語從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：so … that,so… that,such … that,
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：such that,to the degree that,to the extent that,to such a degree that,
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.
6． 條件狀語從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：if,unless,
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as/so long as,only if,providing/provided that,suppose that,in case that,on condition that
We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition,we shall hold the meeting here.
7． 讓步狀語從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：though,although,even if,even though
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝),while ( 一般用在句首 ),no matter …,in spite of the fact that,while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever
Much as I respect him,I can’t agree to his proposal.
盡管我很尊敬他,我卻不同意他的建議.
The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
No matter how hard he tried,she could not change her mind.
He won’t listen whatever you may say.
8． 比較狀語從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：as(同級(jí)比較),than(不同程度的比較)
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more … the more … ; just as …,so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise,the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人,猶如油之于機(jī)器.
9． 方式狀語從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：as,as if,how
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the way
When in Rome,do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.