1.以下動(dòng)詞后,只能跟不定式作賓語.如:agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail , help, hope, lean, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等,這些詞大部分可接that引導(dǎo)的從句.如:
I decided to ask for my money back.
I decided that I would ask for my money back.
When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot.
When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot.
②當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式時(shí),先用形式賓語it代替不定式,把不定式置于補(bǔ)語之后,即:主語+動(dòng) 詞+it+補(bǔ)語+to do句式.如:
We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.
He feels it his duty to help the poor.
③介詞but, except, besides +to do(do)
在這種句型中,如介詞前有動(dòng)詞do,后面應(yīng)接不帶to的不定式;如無do,則接to不定式,即帶do不帶to, 帶to不帶do.如:
The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.
On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV.
2.部分動(dòng)詞后面,既可接動(dòng)詞不定式,也可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語,意義不變.如:begin, continue, start, hat e, like, love, need, require, want等.
在need, require, want后接-ing形式,表示被動(dòng)意義,也可接不定式,但要用被動(dòng)形式,如:Your handwriting needs improving (to be improved). hate, love, like接不定式表示特定的未來事件,接動(dòng)名詞表示目前 正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)或一般的行為.
在下列情況下,一般要用不定式:
①hate, like, love前有would(should)時(shí),如:I'd like to have a cup of coffee.
②當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞begin, continue, start等是進(jìn)行式時(shí),如:The students are starting to work on the difficult maths problem.
③begin, continue, start與know, understand等狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用時(shí),如:I soon began to understand what
was happening.