后接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞
admit 承認(rèn) / advise 建議 / allow 允許 / appreciate 感激 / avoid 避免 / consider 考慮 / delay 推遲 / deny 否認(rèn) / discuss 討論 / dislike 不喜歡 / enjoy 喜愛(ài) / escape 逃脫 / excuse 原諒 / fancy 設(shè)想 / finish 完成 / forbid 禁止 / forgive 原諒 / imagine 想像 / keep 保持 / mention 提及 / mind 介意 / miss 沒(méi)趕上 / pardon 原諒 / permit 允許 / practise 練習(xí) / prevent 阻止 / prohibit 禁止 / put off 推遲 / report 報(bào)告 / risk 冒險(xiǎn) / stop 停止 / suggest 建議 / carry on 繼續(xù) / can’t help 禁不住 / feel like 想要 / give up 放棄 / keep on 繼續(xù) / put off 推遲 / set about 開始,著手 / object to 反對(duì) / insist on 堅(jiān)持 / pay attention to 注意 / stick to 堅(jiān)持 / get down to 開始認(rèn)真做 / look forwards to 期盼 / be [get] used to 習(xí)慣于 / lead to 導(dǎo)致 / be devoted to 致力于,專用于,
后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
afford 負(fù)擔(dān)得起 / arrange 安排 / ask 要求 / care 想要 / choose 決定 / decide 決定 / demand 要求 / determine 決心 / expect 期待,預(yù)計(jì) / help 幫助 / hesitate 猶豫 / hope 希望 / long 渴望 / manage 渴望設(shè)法 / offer 主動(dòng)提出 / plan 計(jì)劃 / prepare 準(zhǔn)備 / pretend 假裝 / promise 答應(yīng) / refuse 拒絕 / want 想要 / wish 希望,
既可接動(dòng)名詞也可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)但意義不同的動(dòng)詞
(1) remember(記得),forget(忘記),regret(后悔)后接不定式指該不定式所表示的動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生,后接動(dòng)名詞(有時(shí)可用完成式),則指該動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生.比較：Remember to post the letter. 記住把這封信寄了.(“寄信”未發(fā)生)I remember posting the letter. 我記得寄了那封信.(“寄信”已發(fā)生)He forgot to pay me the money. 他忘記要給我付錢了.(“付錢”未發(fā)生)He forgot paying me the money. 他忘記曾給我付過(guò)錢.(“付錢”發(fā)生了)
(2) try 后接不定式表示設(shè)法做某事,接動(dòng)名詞表示做某事試試(看有什么效果).如：I’ll try to come tomorrow. 我明天設(shè)法來(lái).Let’s try knocking at the back door. 咱們敲敲后門試試.
(3) mean 后接不定式表示打算(想要)做某事,接動(dòng)名詞表示意味著(做某事,接動(dòng)名詞表示意味著要)做某事.如：He did not mean to hurt you. 他不是有意要傷害你.This illness will mean going to hospital. 得了這種病就意味著要住院.
(4) stop 后接動(dòng)名詞表示停止做某事,接不定式表示停下正在做的事去做另一事.如：He stopped speaking, and there was not a sound in the room. 他停止講話,房里一點(diǎn)聲音也沒(méi)有了.He stopped to listen, but there was no more sound. 他停下來(lái)聽(tīng),但再也沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到什么聲音.(stop后接的不定式不是賓語(yǔ),而是目的狀語(yǔ))
(5) can’t help后接動(dòng)名詞表示禁不住做某事,接不定式表示不能幫助做某事.如：mes New Roman'">后接動(dòng)名詞表示禁不住做某事,接不定式表示不能幫助做某事.如：He couldn’t help crying when he heard the news. 他聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息時(shí)禁不住哭了.The medicine can’t help to get rid of your cold. 這藥不能幫你治好感冒.注：go on to do sth 和go on doing sth 也有類似差別：前者表示做完某事后接著做另一事,后者表示繼續(xù)做正在做的事.如：You oughtn’t to go on living this way. 你不應(yīng)該再這樣生活下去了.(go on 后接doing通常被認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)在分詞而不是動(dòng)名詞)
Go on to do the other exercises after you have finished this one. 做完這個(gè)練習(xí)后, 請(qǐng)接著做其他的練習(xí)
五、既可接動(dòng)名詞也可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)但語(yǔ)態(tài)不同的動(dòng)詞在 need, want, require等表示“需要”的動(dòng)詞后,接不定式和動(dòng)名詞均可,且含義也相同,但是語(yǔ)態(tài)不同：接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)用主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義,接不定式時(shí)則要用被動(dòng)式表示”My coat needs mending [to be mended]. 我的外套需要縫補(bǔ)一下.Your coat wants brushing [to be brushed]. 你的大衣需要刷一刷.
既可接不定式又可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
一、后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞且含義相同的動(dòng)詞
這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：like 喜歡 / love 喜歡 / hate 憎恨 / prefer 寧可 / begin 開始 / start 開始 / continue 繼續(xù) / can’t bear 不能忍受 / bother 麻煩 / intend 想要 / attempt 試圖 / cease 停止,等.如： He likes travelling [to travel] alone. 他喜歡單獨(dú)旅行.He began doing [to do] this job last year. 他去年開始做這工作.Don’t bother to get [getting]dinner for me. 請(qǐng)不必費(fèi)事為我做飯了.注意：當(dāng) like, love, hate, prefer 與 would, should 連用時(shí),其后只能接不定式.如：I’d like to drop in and see you tonight. 我想今晚來(lái)看你.另外,當(dāng) begin, start 本身為進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)或后接 know, realize, understand 等靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),其后的動(dòng)詞只能用不定式.如：He is beginning to work in that company. 他即將開始去那個(gè)公司工作.After the talk with his English teacher, he began to like English. 跟英語(yǔ)老師談話之后,他開始喜歡英語(yǔ)了.
二、forget, remember, regret 后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞含義不同后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞含義不同
動(dòng)詞 forget, remember, regret 等接不定式時(shí),表示非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之后；接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),表示非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前.如：I forgot to tell you about it. 我忘記告訴你那件事了.I remembered giving the book to Li Lei, but he said I didn’t. 我記得我把書給李蕾了,但是他說(shuō)我沒(méi)有給.此外,動(dòng)詞 forget, remember, regret 等接動(dòng)名詞、接動(dòng)名詞的完成式或不定式的完成式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),意義相同.如：I regretted to have broken the rules of our class. = I regretted having broken the rules of our class. 我后悔違反了班規(guī).
三、mean后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞含義不同
動(dòng)詞 mean 接不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),表示一種意圖,意思是“打算做,想要做”；接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),表示解釋,意思是“意味著,意思是”.如：”I didn’t mean to bother you. 我本不想打擾你.What he said means going there by air. 他的話的意思是坐飛機(jī)去那兒.
四、try后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞含義不同
try 接不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),表示一種決心,意思是“設(shè)法做,盡力做”；接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),表示嘗試,意思是“試著做”.如：I’ll try to catch up with my class. 我將盡力趕上同學(xué)們.I tried reading the text without consulting my dictionary. 我試著不查詞典來(lái)閱讀課文.
五、need, require, want, deserve后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞語(yǔ)態(tài)不同
need, require, want, deserve 等表示“需要”的動(dòng)詞后另一動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),該動(dòng)詞用不定式或動(dòng)名詞均可,但是其語(yǔ)態(tài)不同,即動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,而不定式則用被動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義.如：The flowers need watering every day. = The flowers need to be watered every day. 花兒需要每天澆水.注意：若 need, require, want后接動(dòng)詞為句子主語(yǔ)所發(fā)出的動(dòng)作,則只能用不定式,不能用動(dòng)名詞.如：I need to water the flowers every day. 我需要每天給花澆水.
六、can’t help后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞含義不同
can’t help 后接不定式時(shí),意思是“不能幫忙做某事”；接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),意思是“禁不住做某事,情不自禁做某事”.如：I’m very busy now, so I can’t help (to) clean the room. 我現(xiàn)在很忙,因此不能幫助打掃房間.The girl couldn’t help crying when she saw her mother again. 當(dāng)小女孩再次看到母親時(shí),她情不自禁地哭了起來(lái).說(shuō)明：以下兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞(不一定是用作賓語(yǔ))意思也不同：go on to do sth(做完某事后)繼續(xù)做另一事) (不定式作狀語(yǔ))go on doing繼續(xù)做一直在做的事 (動(dòng)名詞作狀語(yǔ))stop to do sth停下正在做的事以便去做另一事 (不定式作狀語(yǔ))stop doing sths)停做正在做的事 (動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))
一、只能后接不定式的動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)歸納有的動(dòng)詞后只能用不定式而不能接動(dòng)名詞.
如ask, demand(要求), plan, intend, mean(計(jì)劃), manage, do / try one’s best, make an attempt, (努力), learn(學(xué)習(xí)), wish, hope, desire, expect, long, want, would like, should like, would prefer(), wish,希望、愿意), agree, promise(同意), decide, determine, choose, make a decision, make up one’s mind(決定), offer(主動(dòng)提出), apply(申請(qǐng)), help(幫助), fail(不能、沒(méi)有), prepare(準(zhǔn)備), pretend(假裝), refuse(拒絕), happen(碰巧), afford(負(fù)擔(dān)得起)等.