where have you been?we have been looking for you everywhere.
根據(jù)where have you been?我們知道“we”已經(jīng)結(jié)束了【尋找“you”的動(dòng)作,而 have been looking for you everywhere是在“你出現(xiàn)在我們面前之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作”.have been doing sth是【現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)】,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,沒有間斷一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在.
i(worked out)a teaching plan in my office.為什么這里不填have been working out.had been working out; had been work out
因?yàn)閣orked out是一般過去時(shí),單純表動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去；have been working out是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),跟上面的 have been looking for you everywhere一樣是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),表示的概念是一樣的；.had been working out是過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí),它表示的概念是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在【過去的過去】,是一個(gè)相對(duì)時(shí)態(tài),即：相對(duì)【某個(gè)過去時(shí)間】來說更先前的動(dòng)作,而且也是一直沒有間斷持續(xù)到【過去】；沒有 had been work out這種時(shí)態(tài).
如果我?guī)偷搅四?那么talking and laughing,the children (found)themselves near the mountain這樣填對(duì)嗎？還有before主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)嗎？主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句應(yīng)該用什么時(shí)態(tài)呢？那么talking and laughing, the children (found) themselves near the mountain這樣填對(duì)嗎？還有before主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)嗎？主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句應(yīng)該用什么時(shí)態(tài)呢？這里的talking and laughing是兩個(gè)并列的現(xiàn)在分詞，做狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞found，意思是：他們一路說笑，不知不覺他們【發(fā)現(xiàn)】他們走近了大山。before的用法一般【不用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)】，從句也不用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。用在含有before的主從復(fù)合句中，一般在從句中使用【一般過去時(shí)】，主句中使用【過去完成時(shí)】。例如： Lily had written some letters before she went out shopping. 有時(shí)，也可以在從句中用過去完成時(shí)，主句中用一般過去時(shí)，這樣就可使描述更為生動(dòng)。試比較： We got to the station before the train had left. 火車尚未開動(dòng)之前，我們就到了車站。 We had got to the station before the train left. 火車開出之前，我們就【已經(jīng)】到了車站。主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句應(yīng)該用什么時(shí)態(tài)呢？主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，【狀語從句】可以用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中的：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)如：1.When he gets to school ，the class has already begun.2.When I am trying to work out the problem，he has already done it.