你好!learn和study的區(qū)別見下：
【learn】用作及物動(dòng)詞
(1) 主語(yǔ)+learn+ n./pron.
He studied hard and finally learned the lesson. 他努力學(xué)習(xí),終于掌握了這一課.
The child has learned quite a few Tang poems. 這孩子學(xué)會(huì)了很多首唐詩(shī).

(2) 主語(yǔ)+learn+to- v
You must learn to keep your balance in skating. 在溜冰時(shí)你得學(xué)會(huì)保持平衡.
She is learning to speak American English. 她在學(xué)說(shuō)美式英語(yǔ).

(3) S+～+wh-/how to- v
I'm learning how to repair motors.
我正在學(xué)習(xí)怎樣修理發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī).
You must learn when to speak and when to keep silent.
你必須學(xué)會(huì)什么時(shí)候講話,什么時(shí)候沉默.

(4)主語(yǔ)+learn+ v -ing
I learnt reading and writing at school.
我在學(xué)校學(xué)會(huì)了讀和寫.
He learned swimming in his childhood.
他在童年時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)了游泳.
此外,learn做及物動(dòng)詞還有其他用法,請(qǐng)參見字典.
【2和4的區(qū)別】：
learn v -ing強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程;learn to- v 強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果.
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【study】
用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)
(1) 主語(yǔ)+study+ n./pron.
He is studying German. 他在學(xué)習(xí)德語(yǔ).
Helen studied her spelling lesson for half an hour. 海倫花了半個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)拼寫課程.
study基本上沒(méi)有你舉例的(2) (3)的用法.

但是study后面可以跟wh-/how等引導(dǎo)的從句.
比如：

They are studying what to do next Sunday.
他們?cè)谘芯肯滦瞧谌兆鍪裁?
He studied how to finish the work in the shortest possible time.
他研究了怎樣才能在最短的時(shí)間里完成這項(xiàng)工作.



所以不存在你說(shuō)的要對(duì)比learn to do 和study to do的情況.因?yàn)閟tudy沒(méi)有那種用法.
要區(qū)別詞意的話,study 和learn 都可以表示“學(xué)習(xí)”, study 含有“研究”的意思, learn 指模仿性地學(xué)習(xí).