many和much的用法：
〔1）many修飾復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,表許多； much修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表量或程度.
He has many friends, but few true ones.
There hasn't been much good weather recently.
（2）many a:
many a和many同義,但語氣比較強,并且要與單數(shù)名詞及單數(shù)形動詞連用.
Many a prisoner has been set free. (=Many prisoners have been set free.)
〔3〕as many和so many均等于the same number of. 前有as, like時, 只用so many.
These are not all the books I have. These are as many more upstairs.
They worked like so many ants.
（4）as much等于the same amount of, 表同量和同一事情.
He bought two pounds of sugar and as much tea. 〔同量）
I was not in the least surprised, for I had fully expected as much. 〔同一事情）
（5）many和much之后不接名詞時,作為代名詞；另外much也可用副詞.
Many of them were very tired.
I don't eat much for lunch. 〔代名詞）
He is much taller than I. （副詞）
some用法及與any的區(qū)別
用some 和 any 填空：
1)-- Would you like something to eat?
-- I’d like ________ bread.
2) Don’t worry.There is ________ milk in the bottle.
3) Are there __________ girls and boys in the classroom?
4）I don’t have _________ meat,but I have __________ eggs and cakes.
5) Would you like _________ apple juice?
答案：1) some2) some3) any4) any;some5) some
分析：
題1是一句肯定的答語,意為：我想要一些面包.故應填 some.
題2也是一個肯定句,意為：瓶子里有一些牛奶.故應填 some.
題3是一個疑問句,any 常被用在疑問句中,因此此題應填 any.
題4此題前半部分是否定句,應填 any,后半部分是肯定句,應填 some .
題5是一句疑問句,看起來應填 any,但是在表示征求意愿的句子里我們不用 any,而用 some.故此題正確答案應為 some.
總結(jié)：
some 和 any 既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞,some 常用在肯定句中,而any 則常用在否定和疑問句中.因此 some 和 any 的用法主要是考慮用在肯定句、疑問句還是否定句中,與名詞的可數(shù)與否無關(guān).
some意為“一些”,可作形容詞和代詞.它常修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù).如：some books一些書,some boys一些男孩,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞,如：some water一些水,some tea一些茶葉,some常用在肯定句中.any意為“任何一些”,它也可修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,常用于疑問句和否定句.如：
--I have some tea here. 我這兒有些茶葉.
--I can’t see any tea. 我沒看見茶葉.
--Do you have any friends at school? 你在學校有些朋友嗎?
--I have some English books, they are my best friends. 我有英語書,它們是我最好的朋友.
但在表示建議,反問,請求的疑問句中,或期望得到肯定回答時,多用some而不用any.如：
Would you like some coffee? 你要不要來點咖啡?
What about some fruit juice? 來點水果汁如何?
當any表示“任何”的意義,起強調(diào)作用時,它可以用在肯定句中；
Any student can answer this question.任何學生都可以回答這個問題.
選題角度：
辨析some和any的不同用法：some 常用在肯定句中,而any 則常用在否定和疑問句中.在表示建議,反問,請求的疑問句中,或期望得到肯定回答時,多用some而不用any.
關(guān)于不可數(shù)名詞的例題解析
-What would you like?
-I'd like________.
A. a glass of milk B. two glass of milk
C. a glass milk D. some glasses milk
解析答案Amilk是不可數(shù)名詞,要表示其數(shù)量為多少,只能與相應的量詞短語搭配,即“a…of+不可數(shù)名詞”.B項中two后面的名詞glass應為復數(shù),C、D兩項均缺介詞of,應排除B、C、D.因此選A.
一道中考題的要點簡說
一Would you like ________ tea?
－No,thanks．I have drunk（已喝了）two ________．（山東 菏澤）
A．some,bottles of orange
B．few,bottle of oranges
C．many,bottles of oranges
D．a(chǎn)ny,bottles of orange (Key: A)
題中涉及到了本單元的三個知識點：
l．some的用法
some表示“一些”,常用于肯定句中,但表示請求或建議的問句中,也常用some,而不用any.
2．would like的用法
would like的意思和want相同,但語氣比want要委婉、客氣.would like之后可接名詞、代詞或to do結(jié)構(gòu).例如：
1）I would like a cake．
我想要一塊蛋糕.
2）We would like to play games．
我們想去做游戲.
在回答would like構(gòu)成的一般疑問句時,肯定回答用Yes,please或Yes,I’d like（love）to.否定回答是No,thanks．再如：
－Would you like to go and watch the football game with me?
—_______．（2002年濟南市中考題）
A．Not at all
B．Excuse me,I can’t
C．Yes,I’d like to
D．That’s right (Key: C)
3．不可數(shù)名詞表數(shù)量的用法
不可數(shù)名詞表示數(shù)量時常用“a+ 物量名詞+of + 不可數(shù)名詞”.