前者現(xiàn)在時(shí),后者過(guò)去時(shí).????????He says ???????????????????????????????????'I have just arrived in scotland'??????????he says he's just arrived in scotland.??he said he had just arrived in scoltand不對(duì)，如果是按你說(shuō)的這樣，應(yīng)該是具體語(yǔ)境來(lái)看。hesays僅僅只是說(shuō)是以現(xiàn)在為基點(diǎn)，后面可加過(guò)去式，也可加一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，hesaid也一樣，只不過(guò)其后面的過(guò)去式是had done。。。。其實(shí)he says后面一般來(lái)說(shuō)就像你說(shuō)的一樣，一般不變，當(dāng)然特殊用法除外，應(yīng)付中考的話，可以排除。。。。。