快捷判斷先行詞作狀語的方法

1.定語從句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：“主語+謂語+賓語”時(shí),先行詞在定語從句中作狀語
2.定語從句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：“主語+單一不及物動詞（或+狀語）”時(shí),先行詞在定語從句中作狀語
3.定語從句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：“主語+be動詞+其它”時(shí),先行詞在定語從句中作狀語
先行詞為時(shí)間名詞的定語從句中,關(guān)系詞的選擇主要存在兩種可能性.一類用when,或介詞+which;一類用which或that.具體來說,先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語用前者,在從句中充當(dāng)賓語用后者.
例4：(2003北京春)We are living in an agemany things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whoseD. when
運(yùn)用“句式分解法”,把該句拆成兩個簡單句來理解,相當(dāng)于：We are living in an age. In this age many things are done on computer. 可以看出in this age 是從句中的時(shí)間狀語.另一方面,從詞性與成分的關(guān)系上來分析,先行詞age不可能充當(dāng)從句中不及物動詞are done的賓語,只能是整個從句的時(shí)間狀語.所以正確答案應(yīng)為D選項(xiàng),或用in which代替.
例5：(1995上海)In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm.,many people have gone home.
A. whose timeB. that C. on whichD. by which time
根據(jù)句義分解主從復(fù)合句：In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm. Because by 5:30pm many people have gone home. 因此D選項(xiàng)才是正確選項(xiàng).
例6：Summer holidays, they plan to spend in their hometowns, are drawing near. A. that B. whichC. whenD. for which
根據(jù)句義先分解主從復(fù)合句：They plan to spend summer holidays in their hometowns. And now summer holidays are drawing near.顯然,先行詞summer holidays在從句中充當(dāng)及物動詞spend的賓語成分.C、D選項(xiàng)首先排除.本題是非限制性定語從句,不能用that, 故B選項(xiàng)是正確答案.
注意比較例4和例6從句中的動詞特征.從及物動詞和不及物動詞的角度可以幫助我們正確判斷先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)氖菚r(shí)間狀語還是賓語.
參考資料：
http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=tLCYdD2nlDkjuIzVNP5RhJR_Ltl7zMNKu-LmjtDn4IpzIHo4OG5ivvlxUSXz7J0htxThS3Va5YyUTNZj8ktw605ZBKnrMI6Oc3cnFyHuDjy
滿意的話記得采納哦~