過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
(1） 概念：表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作.
(2） 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候,另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生.
(3) 常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
It was raining when they left the station.
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
典型例題
(1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí).同 時(shí),when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性,"瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)"提供事情發(fā)生的背景,因此用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí).
(2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A.read； was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while,意為"當(dāng)……之時(shí)".描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí),用過(guò)去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候,另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生.句意為 "在她看報(bào)紙時(shí),奶奶睡著了."句中的 fell (fall的過(guò)去時(shí)),是系動(dòng)詞,后跟形容詞,如：fall sick.
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法:表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行過(guò)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,句中往往需要有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)表示這一特定的時(shí)間.
What were they doing just now?
他們剛才在干什么?
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具體概念
一、 概念和用法：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.其形式為was /were + V-ing.常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如：last night, last Saturday等；或者與when, while, as引導(dǎo)的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.例如：
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們?cè)诳措娨?
What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么?
二、 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情.時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞或從句來(lái)表示.如：
What was she doing at nine o‘clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她在做什么? (介詞短語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))
When I saw him he was decorating his room. 當(dāng)我看見(jiàn)他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間. (when從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))
三、 在復(fù)合句中,如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的,那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí).例如：
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報(bào). (兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的)
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦車時(shí)我在做飯.(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行)
四、 通常不能用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等.例如：
誤：I was knowing the answer.
正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案.
誤：I wasn‘t understanding him.
正：I didn‘t understand him. 我不明白他的意思.
句型：
肯定句：主語(yǔ)+was/were+doing+其它
否定句：主語(yǔ)+was/were+not+doing+其它
一般疑問(wèn)句及答語(yǔ)：Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+doing+其它
特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+was/were+主語(yǔ)+doing+其它