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  • 英語:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的區(qū)別

    英語:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的區(qū)別
    英語人氣:651 ℃時間:2020-09-13 00:14:09
    優(yōu)質(zhì)解答
    序數(shù)詞 英語上數(shù)詞分為兩大類:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞.序數(shù)詞:是指表示順序的數(shù)詞.其主要形式:
    (1)從第一至第十九 其中,one— first, two— second, three— third, five— fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve— twelfth為特殊形式,其它的序數(shù)詞都是由其相對應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后面添加“th”構(gòu)成.例如: six— sixth、nineteen— nineteenth.
    (2)從第二十至第九十九 整數(shù)第幾十的形式由其對應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞改變結(jié)尾字母y為i,再加“eth”構(gòu)成. twenty——twentieth thirty——thirtieth 表示第幾十幾時,用幾十的基數(shù)詞形式加上連字符“-”和個位序數(shù)詞形式一起表示. thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六 seventy-third 第七十三 ninety-ninth 第九十九
    (3)第一百以上的多位序數(shù)詞 由基數(shù)詞的形式變結(jié)尾部分為序數(shù)詞形式來表示. one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一 one thousand,three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十
    (4)序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式 有時,序數(shù)詞可以用縮寫形式來表示.主要縮寫形式有. first——lst second——2nd third——3rd fourth——4th sixth——6th twentieth——20th twenty-third——23rd 其中l(wèi)st,2nd,3rd為特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加上th.
    (5)序數(shù)詞的句法功能 序數(shù)詞在句中可作主語、賓語、定語和表語.
    The second is what I really need. 第二個是我真正需要的.(作主語)
    He choose the second. 他挑選了第二個.(作賓語)
    We are to carry out the first plan. 我們將執(zhí)行第一個計劃.(作定語)
    She is the second in our class.在我們班她是第二名.(作表語)
    注:序數(shù)詞在使用時,通常前面要加定冠詞 the;但是如果序數(shù)詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞a或an時,則表示“再——”,“又——”. We\\'ll go over it a second time. 我們得再念第二遍. We\\'ve tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time? 我們已經(jīng)試過三遍了,還必須試一次(第四次)嗎?
    (6)基數(shù)詞也可以表示順序.只需將基數(shù)詞放在它所修飾的名詞之后即可,不需要添加定冠詞.
    the first lesson——Lesson One the fifth page——Page 5(five) the twenty-first room——Room 21(twenty-one) 
    序數(shù)詞(cardinal numbers)1 first  
    2 second  
    3 third  
    4 fourth  
    5 fifth  
    6 sixth  
    7 seventh  
    8 eighth  
    9 ninth  
    10 tenth
    11eleventh  
    12 twelfth  
    13 thirteenth  
    14 fourteenth  
    15 fifteenth  
    16 sixteenth  
    17 seventeenth  
    18 eighteenth  
    19 nineteenth  
    20 twentieth  
    30 thirtieth  
    40 fortieth  
    50 fiftieth  
    60 sixtieth  
    70 seventieth  
    80 eightieth  
    90 ninetieth  
    除上面斜體詞外,其他序數(shù)詞通常都在基數(shù)詞上加th構(gòu)成:  
    a.幾個特殊拼法的序數(shù)詞(見上表中斜體詞)為:  first(第一),second(第二),third(第三),fifth(第五)  eighth(第八),ninth(第九),twelfth(第十二),twentieth(第二十)等.  b.由one,two,three,five,eight,nine收尾的多位數(shù)詞,照第一條辦法變:  twenty-first(第二十一),thirty-second(第三十二)  sixty-fifth(第六十五),eighty-ninth(第八十九)  a hundred and fifty-second(第一百五十二)  c.其他情況都在基數(shù)詞上加-th構(gòu)成:  thirty-sixth(第三十六),ninety-seventh(第九十七)  two hundred and thirty-sixth(第二百三十六)
    基數(shù)詞 英語中數(shù)詞主要分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩類. 基數(shù)詞 : 表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞.其形式如下:
    (1).從1——10 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.
    (2).從 11——19 eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen, nineteen. 這里除 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen為特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其個位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-teen構(gòu)成.
    (3).從 21——99 整數(shù)幾十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty為特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其個位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-ty構(gòu)成.表示幾十幾時,在幾十和個位基數(shù)詞形式之間添加連字符“-” 21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six
    (4).百位數(shù) 個數(shù)基數(shù)詞形式加“hundred”,表示幾百,在幾十幾與百位間加上and. 101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight
    (5).千位數(shù)以上 從數(shù)字的右端向左端數(shù)起,每三位數(shù)加一個逗號“,”.從右開始,第一個“,”前的數(shù)字后添加 thousand,第二個“,”前面的數(shù)字后添加 million,第三個“,”前的數(shù)字后添加 billion.然后一節(jié)一節(jié)分別表示,兩個逗號之間最大的數(shù)為百位數(shù)形式.
    2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight
    16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four
    5,237,166,234 five billion,two hundred and thirty-seven million,one hundred and sixty-six thousand,two hundred and thirty-four
    (6).基數(shù)詞在表示確切的數(shù)字時,不能使用百、千、百萬、十億的復(fù)數(shù)形式;但是,當(dāng)基數(shù)詞表示不確切數(shù)字,如成百、成千上萬,三三兩兩時,基數(shù)詞則以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn).There are hundreds of people in the hall. 大廳里有數(shù)以百計的人. Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day. 每天有成千上萬的人來參觀秦兵馬涌博物館. They went to the theatre in twos and threes. 他們?nèi)齼蓛傻貋淼搅藙≡?
    (7).表示人的不確切歲數(shù)或年代,用幾十的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示. He became a professor in his thirties. 他三十多歲時成為了教授. She died of lung cancer in forties. 她四十來歲時死于肺癌. It was in the 1960s. 那是在二十世紀(jì)六十年代.
    (8).基數(shù)詞的句法功能 基數(shù)詞在句中可作主語、賓語、定語、表語、同位語. The two happily opened the box. 兩個人高興地打開了盒子.(作主語) I need three altogether. 我總共需要三個.(作賓語) Four students are playing volleyball outside. 四個學(xué)生在外面打排球.(作定語) We are sixteen. 我們是16個人.(作表語) They three tried to finish the task before sunset. 他們?nèi)齻€人盡力想在日落前完成任務(wù).(作同位語)這是一些基數(shù)詞的寫法:0 nought;zero;O
    1 one
    2 two
    3 three
    4 four
    5 five
    6 six
    7 seven
    8 eight
    9 nine
    10 ten
    11 eleven
    12 twelve
    13 thirteen
    14 fourteen
    15 fifteen
    16 sixteen
    17 seventeen
    18 eighteen
    19 nineteen
    20 twenty
    21 twenty-one
    22 twenty-two
    23 twenty-three
    30 thirty
    32 thirty-two
    40 forty
    50 fifty
    60 sixty
    70 seventy
    80 eighty
    90 ninety
    100 one hundred
    101 one hundred and one
    156 one hundred and fifty-six
    100 one hundred
    200 two hundred
    300 three hundred
    400 four hundred
    500 five hundred
    600 six hundred
    700 seven hundred
    800 eight hundred
    900 nine hundred
    1,000 one thousand
    1,001 one thousand and one
    1,300 thirteen hundred;one thousand and three hundred
    2,000 two thousand
    2,034 two thousand and thirty-four
    6,502 six thousand five hundred and two
    38,000 thirty-eight thousand
    45,672 forty-five thousand six hundred and seventy-two
    500,000 five hundred thousand
    1,000,000 one million
    3,123,400 three million,one hundred and twenty-three thousand and four hundred
    8,000,000 eight million
    47,000,000 forty-seven million
    900,000,000 nine hundred million
    1,000,000,000 a milliard,one milliard(美作:a billion,one billion)
    1,050,000,000 one billion and fifty million10,000,000,000 ten billion
    200,000,000,000 two hundred billion
    1,000,000,000,000 a billion,one billion(美作:a trillion,one trillion)
    6,000,000,000,000 six million milliond
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