冠詞是虛詞,它不能單獨(dú)使用.只能附在一個名詞上說明這個名詞.
冠詞分為不定冠a(an)詞和定冠詞the.不定冠詞一般表示泛指;定冠詞一般表示特指
定冠詞the的用法
① 表示上文提到過的人或事物.
如:He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning.The dictionary is very good.
② 用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示整體或類別.
如:The panda is a rare animal.
此句等于:A panda is a rare animal.= Pandas are rare animals.
③ 用來表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物.
如:the sun,the moon,the sky,the earth,the world
④ 用于表示階級,黨派的名詞前.
如:the Chinese Communist Party ,the working class the proletariat 無產(chǎn)階級
⑤ 常用于含有普通名詞或形容詞的專有名詞前.
A.用于許多江海,山脈,群島等名詞前:
The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific Ocean
B.用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國名:
The People's Republic of China the United States
C.用于機(jī)關(guān),團(tuán)體,朝代,時代,報刊雜志等名詞前:
the United Nations the State Council the Tang dynasty the People's Daily
the Summer Palace the Peace Hotel the British Museum
⑥ 用于表示方位的名詞前.
如:the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left
⑦ 用于樂器名詞前,但漢語拼音的樂器前不用冠詞.
如:play the piano play the violin play erhu
⑧ 用于復(fù)數(shù)的姓氏前,表示"兩夫婦"或"全家",在此情況下,這類名詞作復(fù)數(shù)對待.
如:When we got there,the Lius were waiting for us.
The Smiths watch TV every day.
⑨ 用于某些形容詞或過去分詞前,表示一類人或事物.
如:the poor the rich the living the young
the wounded the oppressed the beautiful
⑩ 用在形容詞的最高級前或序數(shù)詞前.
如:Shanghai is the biggest city in china.
After the game,the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath.
但一定注意下面情況
① 表示某一類人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前,不用冠詞.
Now people are living a happy life.Trees are planted everywhere.
② 不含普通名詞的專有名詞,表示泛指的物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞前,不用冠詞.
We are studying English.He is leaving for America this year.
It is pleasant to walk in soft snow.Love is always stronger than hatred.
③ 名詞前有指示代詞,物主代詞,不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾,不用冠詞.
I like this picture better.Is that your book
Take their chairs away!I do not have any money on me.
As time went on,Einstein's theory proved to be correct.
④ 季節(jié),月份,星期等名詞前,一般不用冠詞.
She likes spring while I like summer.We have no classes on Saturday.
The Long March started in October 1934.
⑤ 表示只有一人擔(dān)任的職務(wù),頭銜的名詞前,不用冠詞.
We have elected him our monitor.
⑥ 三餐飯的名詞前,一般不用冠詞.
When do you have lunch After supper we usually take a walk.
⑦ 節(jié)假日等名詞前,不用冠詞.
Children all wear their best clothes on National Day.
People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.
注意:在eve后有of短語則要加定冠詞:
on the eve of National Day on the eve of New Year's Day
⑧ 球類和棋類運(yùn)動的名詞前,不用冠詞.
play basketball play chess
⑨ 作表語用表示程度的形容詞最高級前,不用冠詞.
Your help was most timely.This method is most effective.
注意:如果有比較范圍,形容詞最高級前必須加定冠詞:
Of all methods,this is the most effective.
⑩ 在某些固定詞組里,名詞前不用冠詞.
on foot /by train/ boat / plane… in fact as a matter of fact
in class /in church /in danger /in hospital/ in town
in bed /at home /at school /at daybreak //at sunrise
at dusk/ at sunset/ at night/ at noon /go to school
go to class /go to bed /from morning till night /from victory to victory
from door to door