1. 基本變化規(guī)則①一般在名詞后加s,變成復(fù)數(shù).如boy→boys, pen→pens等.②以s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾的,在后面加es.如class→classes, fox→foxes, brush→brushes, watch→watches.但stomach的復(fù)數(shù)為stomachs. ③“以輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,y變?yōu)閕,然后再加es.如baby→babies. ④以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞英語中共有100多個,其中直接加s的有92個,但這些絕大多數(shù)不常用,如safe, roof, belief等；把f或fe改為v, 再加es的只有13個,但13個都是常用的名詞,如thief, life, wife, shelf, self, knife, half, leaf, wolf等.⑤以o結(jié)尾的名詞,除有生命的“兩人兩物”Negro, hero, tomato, potato等少數(shù)在后面加es外,一般是在后面直接加s.如kilo→kilos, photo→photos, zoo→zoos, radio→radios, piano→pianos, video→videos.2. 不規(guī)則變化①含man的名詞,一般變man為men.如woman→women, policeman→policemen, Englishman→Englishmen.但German→Germans.②將oo改為ee的有foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese等.③復(fù)數(shù)以en結(jié)尾的有child→children, ox→oxen等.④將ouse改為ice的有mouse→mice, louse→lice(虱子)等.