合成形容詞的構(gòu)成
構(gòu)詞形式有多種多樣,其中合成形容詞也是一種.合成形容詞由連字符把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞連接起來,用作定語.如：a south-facing window,adried-up river,a twelve-year-old girl.現(xiàn)將常見的合成形容詞配以例句分類歸納如下：
1．形容詞+名詞+ed
People had come to love him as an inspiring leader and a wise warm-hearted,honest man．他（林肯）作為一位具有感召力的領(lǐng)袖,又是一個(gè)聰明、熱情和誠實(shí)的人,人民開始愛戴他.
But for a cold－blooded creature such as a frog or a snake it is a different matter．但是對于冷血?jiǎng)游?諸如青蛙或蛇,情況就不同了.
又如：a bad－tempered man一個(gè)壞脾氣的人；a left－h(huán)anded man一個(gè)左撇子；
2．名詞+過去分詞
Many countries have set up man－made satellites to circle the earth．許多國家已發(fā)射了人造衛(wèi)星環(huán)繞地球.
She cried at the heart－broken news．
知道這個(gè)令人心碎的消息,她嚎啕大哭起來.
又如：a water－covered field一片水田；hand－made works手工制品；……
3．副詞+過去分詞
There he received a letter inviting him to go to the United States to teach at awell－known research institute at Princeton．在那里,他收到一封信,邀請他到美國普林斯頓一家著名的研究院去教書.
Dozens of better－trained persons had been turned down before me．在我之前已經(jīng)有了幾十個(gè)比我受過更好訓(xùn)練的人都沒有被錄用.
又如：a quickly－cured patient一個(gè)很快治愈的病人； a highly－developed in－dustry高度發(fā)展的工業(yè)；……
4.名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞
The eyes of millions of freedom－loving Canadians,Americans,and English－men are turned to the East…．千百萬愛好自由的加拿大人、美國人和英國人都望著東方…….
又如：earth－shaking changes翻天覆地的變化；a man－eating society一個(gè)吃人的社會(huì)；……
5．形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞
He was an ordinary－looking little man with thick glasses.他是個(gè)身材不高、相貌平常、戴著深度眼鏡的人.
Her easy-going nature made her popular．她那隨和的天性贏得大家的喜愛.
又如：a familiar-sounding name聽起來熟悉的名字,an ill－fitting dress一件不合身的衣服；……
6．副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞
She was a simple,practical and hard-working woman．她是個(gè)衣著樸素、實(shí)事求是而又勤勞的婦女.
The government has made many far－reaching decisions．政府已作出許多意義深遠(yuǎn)的決定.
又如：never-ending dispute無休止的辯論,fast－spreading rumours快速流傳的謠言；……
7．?dāng)?shù)詞+名詞或形容詞
I'd like to see your ten－speed bicycle．我很想看看你的十速自行車.
Each student gave the waiter a ten－dollar note．每個(gè)學(xué)生都遞給那侍者一張十美元的鈔票.
又如：a second－h(huán)and bookstore一家舊書店；a 100－metre dash一百米賽跑；a six－storeyed building一座六層樓房子；
8．名詞+形容詞或形容詞+名詞
Although Princeton,New Jersey,has a world－famous university,it is still asmall quiet town．新澤西州普林斯頓雖有一所世界聞名的大學(xué),但仍是一個(gè)安靜的小城鎮(zhèn).
Now there are fast－food restaurants in countries all over the world．現(xiàn)在世界各國都有快餐店.
又如：a full-time job一項(xiàng)專職工作； a water-tight－boot一只雨靴；
9.一些固定的短語或習(xí)語
We have bought an up-to-date office computer．我們購置了一臺(tái)最新式的辦公室用的計(jì)算機(jī).
He came from a well－to-do family．他出身于小康之家.
又如：an out－of－date model一套過時(shí)模式；an out－of－print book一本絕版本；an out－of－the-way village一個(gè)荒僻的村莊；a touch－and－go situation一觸即發(fā)的形勢；an on－the－spot investigation一次現(xiàn)場調(diào)查.
10．由名詞與名詞、代詞與代詞、副詞與副詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞
Have you bought an English-Chinese Dictionary?
你買英漢詞典了嗎?
They went to such－and－such a place．他們?nèi)ツ衬骋粋€(gè)地方了.
He talked of far－away places and experiences.他談到了一些遙遠(yuǎn)的地方及其經(jīng)歷.
又如：a heart－to-heart talk一次推心置腹的談話； an out－and－out liar一個(gè)十足的說謊大王；……
以上是合成形容詞的常見構(gòu)成形式.假如初學(xué)者用這些詞多造句,定會(huì)有所裨益.