12對(duì)腦神經(jīng)連接著腦的不同部位,并由顱底的孔裂出入顱腔.具體是：嗅神經(jīng)經(jīng)過(guò)篩板進(jìn)入顱腔；視神經(jīng)經(jīng)視神經(jīng)管進(jìn)入顱腔；動(dòng)眼神經(jīng)、滑車(chē)神經(jīng)、眼神經(jīng)、外展神經(jīng)經(jīng)眶上裂進(jìn)入顱腔；上頜神經(jīng)經(jīng)圓孔,下頜神經(jīng)經(jīng)卵圓孔進(jìn)入顱腔；面神經(jīng)、位聽(tīng)神經(jīng)經(jīng)內(nèi)耳門(mén)進(jìn)入顱腔；舌咽神經(jīng)、迷走神經(jīng)、副神經(jīng)經(jīng)頸靜脈孔進(jìn)入顱腔；舌下神經(jīng)經(jīng)舌下神經(jīng)管內(nèi)口進(jìn)入顱腔.
這些神經(jīng)主要分布于頭面部,其中迷走神經(jīng)還分布到胸腹腔內(nèi)臟器官.脊神經(jīng)在腦干以下