英語翻譯
The argument concerning the use,or the status,or the reality,of black English is rooted in American history and has absolutely nothing to do with the question the argument supposes itself to be posing.The argument has nothing to do with language itself but with the role of language.Language,incontestably,reveals the speaker.Language,also,far more dubiously,is meant to define the other--and,in this case,the other is refusing to be defined by a language that has never been able to recognize him.
People evolve a language in order to describe and thus control their circumstances,or in order not to be submerged by a reality that they cannot articulate.(And,if they cannot articulate it,they are submerged.) A Frenchman living in Paris speaks a subtly and crucially different language from that of the man living in Marseilles; neither sounds very much like a man living in Quebec; and they would all have great difficulty in apprehending what the man from Guadeloupe,or Martinique,is saying,to say nothing of the man from Senegal--although the "common" language of all these areas is French.But each has paid,and is paying,a different price for this "common" language,in which,as it turns out,they are not saying,and cannot be saying,the same things:They each have very different realities to articulate,or control.