For和to這兩個(gè)介詞,意義豐富,用法復(fù)雜.這里僅就它們主要用法進(jìn)行比較.
1.表示各種“目的”
1.What do you study English for?你為什么要學(xué)英語(yǔ)?
2.She went to france for holiday.她到法國(guó)度假去了.
3.These books are written for pupils.這些書是為學(xué)生些的.
4.hope for the best,prepare for the worst.作最好的打算,作最壞的準(zhǔn)備.
2． 對(duì)于
1．She has a liking for painting.她愛好繪畫 .
2．She had a natural gift for teaching.她對(duì)教學(xué)有天賦/
3． 表示贊成同情,用不用
1.Are you for the idea or against it?你是支持還是反對(duì)這個(gè)想法?
2.He expresses sympathy for the common people..他表現(xiàn)了對(duì)普通老百姓的同情.
3.I felt deeply sorry for my friend who was very ill.
4 表示因?yàn)?由于（常有較活譯法）
1 Thank you for coming.
2.France is famous for its wines.法國(guó)因酒而出名.
5． 當(dāng)事人對(duì)某事的主觀看法,對(duì)于（某人）,對(duì)…來說（多和形容詞連用）用介詞to,不用for..
He said that money was not important to him.
他說錢對(duì)他并不重要.
To her it was rather unusual.
對(duì)她來說這是相當(dāng)不尋常的.
They are cruel to animals.他們對(duì)動(dòng)物很殘忍.
6． 和fit,good,bad,useful,suitable 等形容詞連用,表示適宜,適合.
Some training will make them fit for the job.
經(jīng)過一段訓(xùn)練,他們會(huì)勝任這項(xiàng)工作的.
Exercises are good for health.
鍛煉有益于健康.
Smoking and drinking are bad for health.
抽煙喝酒對(duì)健康有害.
You are not suited for the kind of work you are doing.
7.表示不定式邏輯上的主語(yǔ),可以用在主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)中.
1． It would be best for you to write to him.
2． The simple thing is for him to resign at once.
3． There was nowhere else for me to go.
4． He opened a door and stood aside for her to pass.
8.表示前往（某地）去某地,用for不用to
I bought a ticket for Milan.
I start for Shanghai tomorrow.我明天去上海.
The ship is for Liverpool.這艘船是開往利物浦的.
9.表示到達(dá)的目的地、終點(diǎn).用to不用for
The bus will take you to the post office.公共汽車會(huì)把你送到郵局去的.
He saw her to the railway station.他把她送到火車站.
10． 作為（意思接近as）for可以與to互換.
I’ll keep it for a souvenir.我將把它留作紀(jì)念.
He spoke English so well that I took him for a foreigner.
他英語(yǔ)說的那么好,我還以為他是外國(guó)人.
He took her to (or for) wife.他娶她為妻.
11．表示交換
He is willing to work for nothing.
他愿意義務(wù)地工作.