英語翻譯
Other secondary alcohols yield ketones on oxidation in the same way as iso-prypyl alcohol:
(b) Distillation of calcium acetate.Acetone is produced when dry calcium acetate is heated,
The acetone evolved is condensed and collected.It is then purified by heating with sodium bisulphite solution (p.142).
The formation of a ketone by heating the calcium salt of a fatty acid is a quite general reaction,e.g.
but the yield of ketone is not always very high.
(c) From wood.A little acetone is obtained from the pyroligneous acid obtained when wood is heated(p.103).The pyroligneous acid also contains acetic acid which can be converted into calcium acetate,from which acetone can be obtained as in (b).Wood is not nowadays,how-ever,an important source of acetone.
(d) Fermentation of starch.Starch can be decomposed into a mixture of acetone,n-butyl alcohol,carbon dioxide and hydrogen by a variety of different bacteria,e.g.clostridum acetobutylicum.All the products are of use,so that this is a valuable industrial process.Poor quality grain is used as the source of starch,and a culture of the special bacterium is added to it,