Be+動(dòng)詞過去分詞的用法就是用于被動(dòng)語態(tài),再就是你可能看到的是過去分詞形式作形容詞的情況,比如the door is closed門是關(guān)著的.其他就沒有了,下面是被動(dòng)語態(tài).請(qǐng)指教
被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成.人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的.現(xiàn)以teach為例說明被動(dòng)語態(tài)在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的構(gòu)成.
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am／is／are＋taught
一般過去時(shí)：was／were＋taught
一般將來時(shí)：will／shall be＋taught
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am／is／are being＋taught
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：have／has been＋taught
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have／has been＋taught
歌訣是：被動(dòng)語態(tài)be字變,過去分詞跟后面.
三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法
(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰.
例如：
Some new computers were stolen last night.
一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了.(不知道電腦是誰偷的)
This book was published in 1981.這本書出版于1981年.
(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者,而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者.
例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗戶是邁克打破的.
This book was written by him.這本書是他寫的.
Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小時(shí)睡眠必須得到保證.
歌訣：誰做的動(dòng)作不知道,說出誰做的沒有必要；
動(dòng)作承受者需強(qiáng)調(diào),被動(dòng)語態(tài)運(yùn)用到.
四、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法
(1)把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語.
(2)把謂語變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(be＋過去分詞)
(根據(jù)被動(dòng)語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù),以及原來主動(dòng)語態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來決定be的形式).
(3)把主動(dòng)語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語,將主格改為賓格.例如：
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are made?by them in the factory.
歌訣是：賓變主,主變賓,by短語后面跟.
謂語動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng),be后“過分”來使用.
五、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)句變成被動(dòng)句時(shí),由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成,原來帶to的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后“to”仍要保留.
歌訣是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變動(dòng),情態(tài)加be加“過分”,原來帶to要保留.例如：
We can repair this watch in two days.
This watch can be repaired in two days.
You ought to take it away.
It ought to be taken away.
They should do it at once.
It should be done at once