讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞主要有以下這些：though, although, as; even if, even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑問詞,疑問詞-ever.下面對(duì)這些連詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句作一說明.
（1）though, although表示“雖然,縱然”之意.
這兩個(gè)連詞意思大致相同,在一般情況下可以互換使用.在口語中,though較常使用,although比though正式,二者都可與yet, still或nevertheless連用,但不能與but連用.例如：
Alhough/Though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working. 雖然他已經(jīng)精疲力竭了,但仍然繼續(xù)工作.
Although/Though he is very old, (yet)he is quite strong. 他雖然年紀(jì)大了,身體還很健壯.
值得注意的是,although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句位于主句之前的情況較多,though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可位于主句之前或主句之后.例如：
She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她雖然不用功學(xué)習(xí),考試卻及格了.
（2）as, though表示“雖然……但是”,“縱使……”之意.
as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須以部分倒裝的形式出現(xiàn),被倒裝的部分可以是表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形,though間或也用于這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)中,但although不可以這樣用.例如：
Object as you may, I " ll go.(=Though/Although you may object, I " ll go.) 縱使你反對(duì),我也要去.
Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard, he makes little progress.)盡管他學(xué)習(xí)很努力,但幾乎沒取得什么進(jìn)步.
Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.（=Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do.）雖然他是一個(gè)孩子,但他知道該做什么.
Fast as you read, you can " t finish the book so soon. 縱然你讀得快,你也不能這么快讀完這本書.
（3）even if, even though 表示“即使……”,“縱使……”之意.
這兩個(gè)復(fù)合連詞的意思基本相同.它們?？苫Q使用,但意義有細(xì)微差別.even if引導(dǎo)的讓步從句含有強(qiáng)烈的假定性,而even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),是以從句的內(nèi)容為先決條件的,也就是說,說話人肯定了從句的事實(shí).例如：
We " ll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad. 即使天氣不好,我們也要作一次旅行.
Even if he is poor, she loves him. (=He may be poor, yet she loves him.)即使他很窮,但她還是愛他.
Even though he is poor, she loves him. (=He is poor, yet she loves him. )盡管他很窮,但她還是愛她.
（4）whether...or...表示“不論是否……”,“不管是……還是……”之意.
由這一個(gè)復(fù)合連詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句旨在說明正反兩個(gè)方面的可能性都不會(huì)影響主句的意向或結(jié)果.例如：
You " ll have to attend the ceremony whether you " re free or busy. 不管你忙不忙,都要參加這個(gè)典禮.
Whether you believe it or not, it " s true.無論你是否相信,這都是真的.
（5）“no matter+疑問詞”或“疑問詞-ever”的含義為“……都……；不管……都……”,它們引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可以互換.例如：
No matter what happened, he would not mind. (=Whatever happened, he would not mind.)無論發(fā)生了什么,他都不會(huì)介意的.
No matter who you are, you must keep the law.(=Whoever you are, you must keep the law.不管你是誰,你都要遵紀(jì)守法.
但“no matter+疑問詞”結(jié)構(gòu)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,而“疑問詞-ever”還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句.例如：
Whatever(=No matter what)you say, I won " t believe you. (Whatever 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)無論你說什么,我都不會(huì)相信你.
I " ll eat whatever(≠no matter what)you give me. (whatever引導(dǎo)賓語從句)你給我吃什么,我就吃什么.
Whoever comes will be welcome. (Whoever 引導(dǎo)主語從句) 不管誰來都受到歡迎.
此外,有時(shí)while也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,但一般要位于句首.例如：
While I like the colour, I don " t like the shape.我雖然喜歡那顏色,但不喜歡那形狀.
綜上所述,我們可以看出,學(xué)習(xí)讓步狀語從句的關(guān)鍵是關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選用；其次,要注意的是由as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句要用倒裝語序.
讓步狀語從句表示：雖然,盡管,即使等概念,由although（盡管）, though（盡管）, however（無論怎樣）, whatever（無論什么）, whoever（無論誰）, whomever（無論誰）, whichever（無論哪個(gè)）, whenever（無論何時(shí)）, wherever（無論哪里）, whether（是否）, no matter (who, what, where, when, etc) （無論……）, even if（即使）, even though（即使）等詞引導(dǎo).
如： We won”t be discouraged even if(=even though) we fail ten times.我們就是失敗十次也不泄氣.
It was an exciting game, though / although no goals were scored.那是一場(chǎng)精彩的球賽,盡管一個(gè)球都沒進(jìn).(though, although不能與 but連用)
Whether you believe it or not, it”s true.不管你信不信,這是真的.
However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, I”ll take it.無論它有多貴,我也要買下它.
Don”t let them in, whoever(=no matter who) they are.不管他們是誰,別讓他們進(jìn)來.
No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I”m wrong.無論我說什么或怎么說,他總認(rèn)為是我錯(cuò).
特別提醒
1.no matter
what（who,which,when,etc.）與whatever（whoever,whichever,whenever,etc.）的區(qū)別：
當(dāng)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),兩者相同,可以互換,但當(dāng)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句（主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句和同謂語從句）時(shí)則只能用whatever（whoever,whichever,whenever,etc）.如上面最后兩個(gè)例句可改為：
e．g． However pure the water looks,I do not want to drink it.
I want to marry the man I love, no matter who he may be.
下面句字不能用no matter結(jié)構(gòu):
Whoever comes back firs is supposed to win the prize.(主語從句)
I am ready to do whatever you want me to .（賓語從句）
2. as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的用法：
引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),as意為“雖然,盡管”,通常從句要倒裝,倒裝的方法是將從句的表語或狀語放在as之前,而用though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)句字則不必倒裝（口語中也可倒裝）.
e.g. Heavily as it was raining outside, they started out very early.
Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或Young though he is, he….
他雖然年輕,但懂得很多.(though 也有這種用法,可以替換as,但although沒有這種用法)
though還可以用作副詞,放在句末.如：
It was hard work;; I enjoyed it, though=It was hard work, but I enjoyed it.那工作很苦,但是我喜歡干.
3.用though/although, as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),句中不能用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折語氣.
不能說：Though he looks weak, but he is healthy.
而要說：Though he looks weak, he is healthy.
或者說：He looks weak, but he is healthy.
我自己認(rèn)為讓步就是存在一定條件下的說法.