名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es.現(xiàn)將構(gòu)成方法與讀音規(guī)則列表如下：
規(guī)則\x09例詞
1\x09一般情況在詞尾加-s\x09map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days
2\x09以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-es\x09class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes
3\x09以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞\x09變-f和-fe為v再加-es\x09leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives
\x09\x09加-s\x09belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs
4\x09以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i加-es\x09party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities
5\x09以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,或?qū)Ｓ忻~以y結(jié)尾的,加-s\x09toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys
6\x09以輔音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞\x09一般加-es\x09hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
\x09\x09不少外來詞加-s\x09piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos
\x09\x09兩者皆可\x09zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos
7\x09以元音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-s\x09radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos
8\x09以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-s\x09truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,
2. 不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：
英語里有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的,現(xiàn)歸納如下：
規(guī)則\x09例詞
1\x09改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式\x09man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2\x09單復(fù)數(shù)相同\x09sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin,
3\x09只有復(fù)數(shù)形式\x09ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents
4\x09一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)\x09people, police, cattle, staff
5\x09部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)（整體）也可以作復(fù)數(shù)（成員）\x09audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party
6\x09復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義\x09customs(海關(guān)), forces(軍隊), times(時代), spirits(情緒), drinks(飲料), sands(沙灘), papers(文件報紙), manners(禮貌), looks(外表), brains(頭腦智力), greens(青菜), ruins(廢墟)
7\x09表示“某國人”\x09加-s\x09Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans
\x09\x09單復(fù)數(shù)同形\x09Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese
\x09\x09以-man或-woman結(jié)尾的改為-men,-women\x09Englishmen, Frenchwomen
8\x09合成名詞\x09將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)\x09sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends
\x09\x09無主體名詞時將最后一部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)\x09grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches
\x09\x09將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)\x09women singers, men servants