首先,名詞或其短語可代替介詞短語修飾動詞,如：\x0b　　(1) Member countries began their ministerial meeting on Monday.→Member countries began their ministerial meeting Monday.\x0b　　(2) Those fashionable cars were made in Japan.→Those fashionable cars were Japan made.\x0b　　(3) Tom is heavier than his brother by five pounds.→Tom is five pounds heavier than his brother.\x0b　　其次,名詞或其短語可以代替副詞分句修飾動詞或形容詞,如：\x0b　　(4) The metal sheets are as thin as paper.→The metal sheets are paper thin.\x0b　　(5) The water has turned as pink as rose.→The water has turned rose pink.\x0b　　名詞或名詞短語修飾動詞的語意有三：\x0b　?、北硎境潭?\x0b　　這類修飾語大多數(shù)是表示數(shù)或量的名詞.