China is located in the eastern part of Asia, the Pacific West Coast. South territory from the north to the vicinity of Mohe in Heilongjiang on; West from the Pamirs Plateau, the east to the confluence of Heilongjiang and Wusuli Department. Land area of about 9,600,000 sq km, eastern and southern China more than 18,000 km of coastline, inland sea waters and sea-side area of about more than 470 million square kilometers. China and the 14 countries bordering the sea and the adjacent eight countries: the northeast border with North Korea, northeast, northwest Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and adjacent to the north is Mongolia, adjacent to the west of Afghanistan, Pakistan, South-West with India, Nepal, Bhutan phase, the south end of Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam.
The end of 2004, China's total population is 1,200,000,000 99,880,000. China is a unified multi-ethnic country, there are 56 ethnic groups: Han Chinese, Mongolian, Manchu, Korean, Hezhe, Daur, Ewenki, Oroqen nationality, the Hui, Dongxiang, Tu, Salar, Yugur , Uygur, Kazak, Kirgiz, Xibo, Tajik, Uzbek, Russian, Tatar, Tibetan, Qiang, Yi, Bai, Hani, Dai, Lisu ethnic Lisu, Wa, Lahu, Naxi, Jingpo, Bulang, Achang, Pumi, Nu, Dulong, nationality, Miao, Buyi, Dong, Shui, Gelao, Zhuang, Yao, Nationality,race, Jing, Tujia, Li, She, Gaoshan.
People's Republic of China was founded in October 1, 1949. Capital is Beijing.
According to "People's Republic of China Constitution" provides that the administrative regions of People's Republic of China is as follows: (a) country is divided into provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities; (b) Provinces and autonomous regions are divided into autonomous prefectures, counties, autonomous counties and cities; (c) County and autonomous counties are divided into townships, nationality townships and towns. Municipalities and large cities are divided into districts and counties. Autonomous prefectures are divided into counties, autonomous counties and cities. Autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures and autonomous counties are national autonomous areas. And stipulates that "the state, if necessary, may establish special administrative regions": 1 July, 1997, the Chinese government's resumption of sovereignty over Hong Kong, the establishment of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; December 20, 1999, the Chinese government's resumption of exercise of sovereignty over Macao, the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region. At present, China has 34 provincial-level administrative region, that is, four municipalities, 23 provinces, five autonomous regions, and two Special Administrative Region.
As of December 31, 2004, the national administrative divisions above the county level there are: 23 provinces, five autonomous regions, 4 municipalities and 2 Special Administrative Region; 50 regions (states, AU); 661 municipalities, of which: 4 municipalities months; 283 prefecture-level cities; 374 county-level cities; 1636 counties (counties, flag, the SAR and the forest); 852 municipal districts. Total: 34 provincial-level, 333 level, county-level 2862.
Topographically high in the west and low in the east. Accounting for all types of terrain the percentage of the total land area is: about 33% of the mountain plateau of about 26%, about 19% of the basin, about 12% of the plains and hills about 10%. Habit of talking about the mountains, including mountains, hills and rugged plateaus comparison, accounting for about two-thirds of the national area. Mountains to a zonal (east-west) and the new China to the (north-east - south-west) direction the two most common. There are major Altai Mountains, Tianshan Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Karakorum Mountains, Qilian Mountains, Gangdise Mountains, the Himalayas, Yinshan, Qinling Mountains, Nanling, Daxing'anling, Changbai Mountain, Taihang Mountain, Wuyi Mountain, Taiwan and the transverse mountain ranges. Over the distribution of mountain terrain constitute the basic framework of China. Topography from west to east China can be divided into three steps. South-west there is the world's highest Qinghai-Tibet Plateau big, with an average altitude above 4,000 meters, known as "the roof of the world" and that is the highest level terrain; 8844.43 meters above sea level Mount Everest, the world's first peak. In the north east of Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang region, the Loess Plateau, Sichuan Basin and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the terrain of China's second-class ladder, 1,000-2,000 meters above sea level. Daxinganling - Taihang - Wushan - Wuling Mountain - Xuefengshan - line to the east coastline of more than 200 meters above sea level in the plain below and the hills below 1000 meters, is the third-class ladder. East of the continental shelf south of the coastline, there are rich resources of the seabed. Sea island size distribution of 7600, of which the largest island of Taiwan, with an area of 35,798 sq km, followed by Hainan Island, Chongming Island is the third.