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  • 1prefer to do sth rather than do sth.和2.would do sth rather than do sth中, (rather )than do sth 是補(bǔ)語(yǔ)嗎?還是其他成分?

    1prefer to do sth rather than do sth.和2.would do sth rather than do sth中, (rather )than do sth 是補(bǔ)語(yǔ)嗎?還是其他成分?
    英語(yǔ)人氣:640 ℃時(shí)間:2019-10-11 14:13:04
    優(yōu)質(zhì)解答
    在英語(yǔ)中,表示“偏愛(ài)”、“優(yōu)先”、“更喜歡”、“更可取”或“寧愿”等意思時(shí),可用prefer,would rather和rather than來(lái)表達(dá).三個(gè)詞之間在表達(dá)和用法上的異同如下:
    (—)rather than
    ①rather than必須連接兩個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu),即并聯(lián)兩個(gè)詞(如名詞、代詞),兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式或并聯(lián)兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)或分句.
    如:
    John ought to go rather than Mary.
    約翰比瑪麗更應(yīng)該去.
    ②當(dāng)rather than并聯(lián)兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí),后一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式一般省略to(在比較正式的文體中也可以保留to).
    如:
    In China,it is important to invest in education rather than(to)increase personal wages.
    在中國(guó),優(yōu)先投資教育比增加個(gè)人工資重要.
    (二)prefer
    ①prefer之后用動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)表示一般性偏愛(ài),強(qiáng)調(diào)一種事實(shí)或一件事.
    如:
    l like swimming,but I prefer sailing.
    我喜歡游泳,但更喜歡航行.
    ②當(dāng)prefer之后帶兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式表示“偏愛(ài)…勝過(guò)…”時(shí),用rather than連接.Rather than之后可以有兩種結(jié)構(gòu):省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞的ing形式.
    如:
    1 would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive out.
    我寧愿在家度周末,而不愿意開(kāi)車出門.
    ③當(dāng)prefer之后帶兩個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)表示“偏愛(ài)…勝過(guò)…”時(shí),常用介詞to連接兩個(gè)部分,也可以用rather than連接.
    如:
    I prefer watching TV to reading books.
    我寧可看電視,也不愿意看書(shū).
    ④prefer之后可以用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).
    如:
    I don’t prefer people to smoke here.
    我不喜歡有人在這兒抽煙.
    ⑤prefer之后帶從句時(shí),其用法與would rather帶從句的用法相同.
    如:
    I’d prefer that you did not go there alone.
    我希望你不要一個(gè)人到那里去.
    (三)would rather
    ①would rather是固定習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),可用于任何人稱,其簡(jiǎn)略形式是 ’d rather.would rather之后直接帶省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式.
    如:
    Would you rather stay at home or go out with me?
    你愿意呆在家里,還是愿意跟我出門?
    ②would rather還可以與than連用,構(gòu)成“would rather+省略to的不定式+than+省略to的不定式”結(jié)構(gòu).
    如:
    Tom would rather read than talk.=Tom prefers reading to talking.
    湯姆喜愛(ài)讀書(shū)勝過(guò)與人交談.
    ③would rather之后帶從句時(shí),從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即用過(guò)去式表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的意義,用過(guò)去完成式表示過(guò)去的意義.
    如:
    I’d rather she had repaired her car last night.=I wish she had repaired her car last night.
    但愿她昨晚就把車修好了.
    ④一般來(lái)說(shuō).would rather之后跟動(dòng)詞原形表達(dá)的意思是“偏愛(ài),寧愿”,但如果其后跟動(dòng)詞hope,think,like,enjoy和have等時(shí),would rather則含有“很,非?!钡囊馑?請(qǐng)比較:
    I’d rather like reading.我很喜歡讀書(shū).
    I’m not sure,but I’d rather think so.我沒(méi)有十分把握,但認(rèn)為很可能如此.
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