過(guò)去式
過(guò)去式是用來(lái)表達(dá)動(dòng)詞的“過(guò)了”、“完了”,“結(jié)束了”等意思,和現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)沒(méi)有關(guān)系.
一般過(guò)去式 表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài).I met him yesterday.昨天我碰見(jiàn)了他.
一般過(guò)去式構(gòu)成：表示一般過(guò)去式的動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式來(lái)表示,而動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是在動(dòng)詞原形的基礎(chǔ)上變化的.動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式可分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化如下：
一般情況下,動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -ed ,如：
worked played wanted acted
以不發(fā)音的 -e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -d,如：lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-ed,如：
studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied 以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞,雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母,再加 -ed,如：stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng),須多加記憶.
go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew
一般過(guò)去式的用法：
1) 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況,通常一般過(guò)去式帶有表示動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的詞,詞組或從句,如 yesterday,the day before last,last week,two days ago 等,上下文清楚時(shí)可以不帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ).
I worked in that factory last year.
去年我在那一家工廠(chǎng)工作.
I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday.
昨天我們?nèi)チ颂忑埳?