一國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)是由該國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)土上的常住單位的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)組成的.國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)就是要對(duì)這樣確定的國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)加以統(tǒng)計(jì).國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)早期稱為國(guó)民所得統(tǒng)計(jì),是陳示國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)狀況之綜合統(tǒng)計(jì),也是利用各種統(tǒng)計(jì)資料,以國(guó)民會(huì)計(jì)概念予以加工之統(tǒng)計(jì).它將經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)按經(jīng)濟(jì)主體分為企業(yè)、家庭、政府、金融機(jī)構(gòu)、國(guó)外等部門,并利用會(huì)計(jì)上之借貸原理,編成整套帳表體系,陳示經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)狀況.聯(lián)合國(guó)于一九六八年修訂國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)會(huì)計(jì)制度（簡(jiǎn)稱新制）,包括(1)國(guó)民所得帳（Account of National Income）(2)產(chǎn)業(yè)關(guān)聯(lián)表（Input Output Tables）(3)資金流通表（Flow-of-Funds Table）(4)國(guó)民資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表（National Balance Sheets）(5)國(guó)際收支（Balance of Payments）等帳表體系.