1.一般現(xiàn)在時: 主語+do/does(現(xiàn)在分詞)
e.g We clean the room every day.
2.一般過去時: 主語+did
e.g We cleaned the room just now.
3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時: 主語+am/is/are doing
e.g We are cleaning the room now.
4.過去進(jìn)行時: was/were doing
e.g We were cheaning the room at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.
e.g 5.現(xiàn)在完成時: have/has done
We have cleaned the room already.
6.過去完成時: had done
e.g We had cleaned the room before he arrived.
7.一般將來時: will do/
e.g We will clean the room tomorrow.
8.過去將來時: was/were to /would do
e.g He said he would clean the room next.
一般
現(xiàn)在時
often, usually, always, sometimes, every day (week…),
on Sunday
He/She/It+動詞s
I/We/You/They+動詞原形
一般
過去時
yesterday, … ago, last week,
in 2001
主語+動詞的過去式
現(xiàn)在
進(jìn)行時
now
主語+be+ 現(xiàn)在分詞
現(xiàn)在
將來時
tomorrow, next week
主語+will/be going to+動詞原形
現(xiàn)在
完成時
already, yet, ever, never, for+一段時間, since+時間起點(diǎn)
He/She/It has+過去分詞
I/We/ You/They have +過去分詞
動詞在語言交流中是十分重要的,語法只是學(xué)好英語的工具,利用這個工具可以提高自己的自學(xué)能力.在理解時態(tài)的過程中要注意上下句或前后語境的提示.要注意動詞的基本變化.
①例1：（2003 北京市）
②---What are Mr and Mrs Black doing?
③---They _______ tea in the garden.
④A. are drinking B. drank C. have drunk D. drink
⑤【解析】
⑥此題考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時.
⑦從上句語境分析得知動作就發(fā)生在此時此刻,找準(zhǔn)動詞部分的結(jié)構(gòu),排
除干擾,得出正確答案.該句的問句在問“布萊克夫婦正在干什
么?”,回答應(yīng)是“現(xiàn)在正在……”,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的結(jié)構(gòu)是“be(am,is,
are)+現(xiàn)在分詞”.
⑧例2（2003 重慶市）
⑨---I don’t know if his uncle___________.
⑩---I think he _________if it doesn’t rain.
A．comes；comes B．will come；will come
C．comes; comes D．comes; will come
【解析】
本題考查了兩種時態(tài)在語境中的應(yīng)用.先分清if引導(dǎo)的是個什么從
句,再根據(jù)語境確定各自的時態(tài).第1空if在及物動詞之后引導(dǎo)賓語從
句,意思是“是否”,該句的主句是一般現(xiàn)在時,賓語從句的動作還沒有
發(fā)生,用將來時；第二個空if引導(dǎo)是條件狀語從句,條件從句用一般現(xiàn)在
時,主句的謂語動詞用將來時.
三、交際
《大綱》指出“使學(xué)生掌握一定的語言基本知識和基本
技能,建立初步的語感,獲得初步運(yùn)用英語的能力,為真實(shí)交際
打下基礎(chǔ)”.學(xué)習(xí)語言的關(guān)鍵在于運(yùn)用.同學(xué)們是否注重自己英
語,口語的練習(xí)呢?我們沒有說外語的環(huán)境,但要盡量創(chuàng)造.每天
早上起床后,應(yīng)該是先讀上至少5分鐘英語.大聲朗讀不僅可以練
習(xí)發(fā)音,形成良好的語感,而且對聽力的提高也有著不可低估的
作用.另外,我們還要利用一切可能的機(jī)會用英語和同學(xué)、老師
或者其它懂英語的人打招呼或談?wù)撌虑?碰到生詞,就漢英夾雜
著說.一開始,可能不太習(xí)慣,但沒有關(guān)系,只要堅持就會有結(jié)
果.前蘇聯(lián)語言學(xué)家巴烏利•阿里斯德教授能流利地講十五種外
語.他說：“我只要學(xué)會了100個單詞,就立即用這種語言講話.
一個怕出錯的人永遠(yuǎn)也講不了地道的外語.”看來,要想練好口
語,真要有“厚著臉皮,磨破嘴皮”的精神才行.
四、閱讀
1.你是如何培養(yǎng)閱讀能力的呢?
閱讀理解難度較高,必須在有了充足的詞匯的基礎(chǔ)上才能進(jìn)行閱讀訓(xùn)練.它
是檢查你英語學(xué)習(xí)水平的高低的重要標(biāo)志.你是否在閱讀上花了不少的力氣呢?
要想提高閱讀水平,除了學(xué)習(xí)課本外,必須在課外有意識地擴(kuò)大閱讀量,提高閱
讀速度,掌握閱讀技巧.養(yǎng)成課余閱讀英文讀物的習(xí)慣.剛開始時,由于詞匯量
的限制,你可以閱讀一些較淺顯的文章,盡量讀那些沒有生詞的簡易讀物.隨著
詞匯量的擴(kuò)大,你的胃口也會越來越大.要多讀原汁原味的文章,這樣不僅開闊
了眼界,還學(xué)到了不少知識.一段時間下來,你的詞匯量會豐富不少,理解能力
也有長足的進(jìn)步.開始要有意地讀一些諸如科普、歷史、地理、環(huán)保、醫(yī)學(xué)保健
方面的小品文.
有的同學(xué)還會經(jīng)常碰到這樣的問題：是文章本身對我來講沒有生詞,但做閱
讀理解題時經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)偏差.當(dāng)然這種情況更多地是設(shè)計到閱讀理解的考試.說
明你在閱讀過程中遇到了理解上的障礙,因此在閱讀理解中掌握一些答題技巧也
是十分重要的.
例如：
閱讀理解（一）
about the weather, but nobody does anything about it."
people begin their talks by saying, "Isn't it a nice day?
""Do you think it will rain?" "I think it's going to
snow."
Many people think they can tell what the weather is
going to be like. But sometimes they don' t agree with
each other. One man may say, "Do you see how cloudy it is
in the east? It' s going to rain tomorrow. "Another man
will say, "Yes, it' s going to be fine tomorrow."
People often look for the weather they want. When a
farmer needs water,he looks for something to tell him it' s going to rain, and he doesn' t look for anything else. When
friends have a picnic, they hope the weather is going to
be fine and they can sit eating their lunch under the blue
sky.
Almost everyone listens to what the weatherman says. But
he doesn ' t always tell us what we want, and sometimes he
makes a mistake. Still, he is right most of the time.
1.What's the best title for the passage?
A. How to Begin a Talk . B. Story about a Weatherman
C. Weather Report D. About Weather