Backpacking is a revolving,ever-changing experience,where you can quickly learn the difference between your own culture and others.Traveling through a country will allow you to learn a new set of rules,customs,and social expectations that you have never experienced before.
When addressing someone for any reason,it is expected that you address them with their official title.If they hold a position,such as 'General',then refer to them as that.If they do not,however,or if you are unaware of their position,you should refer to them as Mr./Mrs./Ms plus their last name.Don't call them by their first name unless invited to do some,and never refer to someone as a comrade - this indicates that your a communist.
Every culture has it's rules on how you are to act,and China is no different.In China,to greet someone,you nod your head,or you bow slightly.Handshakes are also common,but you should wait for your Chinese partner to initiate the motion,as not all are comfortable with the greeting.
Italians love to motion with their hands.It makes conversations lively a fun,and helps illustrate a point.In China,this is very uncommon.Chinese people don't move their hands around in motions when speaking,and they will become annoyed quickly if you do.
Chinese people do not enjoy being touched by strangers,especially if they are older or in a position of authority,whether that be government or not.Don't touch someone unless you absolutely have to.
As a Confucian rules,the elders are to be respected in every situation by those who are younger.You should always acknowledge the elder in a group first,and show the most respect to that person.
Putting your hands in your mouth is considered to be vulgar in Chinese culture,and should not be done.This includes biting your nails.