過去分詞（短語）作定語
We should pay attention to our spoken English.
單個(gè)過去分詞作定語常放在它所修飾的名詞之
前, 和它所修飾的名詞存在動(dòng)賓(被動(dòng))關(guān)系.
This is one of the schools built in 1980.
=This is one of the schools which were built in 1980
過去分詞短語常放在它所修飾的名詞之后,與
被修飾的名詞之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)
定語從句,但是更簡(jiǎn)潔.
1)\x09—I ’m very thirsty.
— You’d better drink some ___ water.
A. boiling B. boilC. boiled D. to be boiled
過去分詞（短語）作表語
The children were satisfied with his explanation
She looked worried.
過去分詞（短語）用在系動(dòng)詞之后作表語,和句子主語之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系.
1. The rooms are ____, so you can’t move in.
A. painted B. painting
C. being paintedD. to be painted
過去分詞作表語和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別
This river is polluted.（過去分詞作表語,表狀態(tài)）
譯：這條河被污染了
This river was polluted by the chemical plant.
（過去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài),表動(dòng)作）
譯：這條河是被那家化工廠給污染的.
過去分詞作表語,表狀態(tài),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞；在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中,過去分詞表動(dòng)作,常由by引出動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者.
The windows are closed
The windows were closed by Jack
過去分詞（短語）作賓語補(bǔ)足語
I found the small town changed a lot.(表動(dòng)作已完成)
He wants the letter typed right away.(動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)
過去分詞（短語）在句子中作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示動(dòng)作已完成,
或和賓語存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系.這類句子的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是表示
“感知”（如see, hear, feel, watch, notice, find等)、
“意愿”（如want,wish,expect,等) 的動(dòng)詞,
或是使役動(dòng)詞（如make, have,keep, get 等）.
1.We saw the thief_________ (catch) by the police.
過去分詞（短語）作狀語
過去分詞（短語）作狀語,修飾謂語,常常表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等,相當(dāng)于對(duì)應(yīng)的狀語從句.它和主句的主語存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系.
a、表示時(shí)間
Seen from space, the earth looks blue.
When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.
b、表示條件
Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain
fresh.
If they are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.
c、表示原因
Deeply moved by the movie, the girls began to cry.
As they were deeply moved by the movie, the girlsbegan to cry.
d、表示伴隨情況
She walked out of the house, followed by herdaughter.
She walked out of the house,and was followed by her
daughter.
e、表示讓步
Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.
Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to
let out the secret.
1._____ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving \x09\x09B. Receiving not
C. Not having received \x09D. Having not received
2. ____in hernew skirt ,she tried to make herself ____at the party .
A. Dressed; noticed B. Dressing; noticed
C. Dressed; noticingD. Dressing; being noticing
3. ____ better attention , the vegetables could have grown better
A. Giving B. GivenC. Give D. To give