The White House is the official home and principal workplace of the President of the United States.Built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the late Georgian style,it has been the executive residence of every U.S.President since John Adams.When Thomas Jefferson moved into the home in 1801,he,with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe expanded the building outward,creating two colonnades which were meant to conceal stables and storage.[1]
In 1814,during the War of 1812,the mansion was set ablaze by the British Army in the Burning of Washington,destroying the interior and charring much of the exterior walls.Reconstruction began almost immediately and President James Monroe moved into the partially reconstructed house in October 1817.Construction continued with the addition of the South Portico in 1824 and the North in 1829.Due to crowding within the executive mansion itself,President Theodore Roosevelt had nearly all work offices relocated to the newly-constructed West Wing in 1901.Eight years later,President William Howard Taft expanded the West Wing and created the first Oval Office which was eventually moved as the section was expanded.The third-floor attic was converted to living quarters in 1927 by augmenting the existing hip roof with long shed dormers.A newly constructed East Wing was used as a reception area for social events; both new wings were connected by Jefferson's colonnades.East Wing alterations were completed in 1946 creating additional office space.By 1948,the house's load-bearing exterior walls and internal wood beams were found to be close to failure.Under Harry S.Truman,the interior rooms were completely dismantled,resulting in the construction of a new internal load-bearing steel framework and the reassembly of the interior rooms.
Today,the White House Complex includes the Executive Residence (where the First Family resides),the West Wing (the location of the Oval Office,Cabinet Room,and Roosevelt Room),and the East Wing (the location of the office of the First Lady and White House Social Secretary),as well as the Old Executive Office Building,which houses the executive offices of the President and Vice President.
The White House is made up of six stories—the Ground Floor,State Floor,Second Floor,and Third Floor,as well as a two-story basement.It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington,D.C.As the Executive Office of the President of the United States,the term "White House" is regularly used as a metonym for the Executive Office of the President of the United States and for the president's administration and advisors in general.The property is owned by the National Park Service and is part of the President's Park.In 2007,it was ranked second on the American Institute of Architects's "List of America's Favorite Architecture."
白宮是美國總統(tǒng)的主要工作場所.修建于1792年和1800年白色被繪的Aquia砂巖之間在英王喬治一世至三世時期樣式末期,它是每位美國總統(tǒng)行政住所從John Adams.在1801年當(dāng)Thomas Jefferson搬入家,他,有建筑師的本杰明・亨利Latrobe擴(kuò)展了向外的大廈,創(chuàng)造被認(rèn)為隱瞞槽櫪和存貯的二道柱廊.[1]
在戰(zhàn)爭的In 1814年,1812年期間,豪宅由在,毀壞內(nèi)部和燒焦許多外墻的華盛頓燃燒的英國軍隊點火.重建在1817年10月幾乎立刻開始了和James Monroe總統(tǒng)搬入部分地被重建的房子.在1824年在1829年建筑繼續(xù)了增加南門廓和北部.由于擁擠在行政豪宅,在1901年Theodore Roosevelt總統(tǒng)之內(nèi)安排幾乎所有工作辦公室被調(diào)遷對新被修建的西部翼.八年后,William Howard Taft總統(tǒng)擴(kuò)展了西方翼并且創(chuàng)造了最終被移動的第一橢圓形辦公室,當(dāng)部分被擴(kuò)展了.在1927年三層頂樓被轉(zhuǎn)換了成生存處所被增添與長的棚子屋頂窗的現(xiàn)有的四坡屋頂.一個最近被修建的東部翼使用了作為接納地區(qū)為社交活動; 兩個新的翼由杰斐遜的柱廊連接.東部翼改變在創(chuàng)造另外的辦公室空間的1946年完成了.在1948年之前,發(fā)現(xiàn)房子的承重外墻和內(nèi)部木柱接近失敗.在Harry S.Truman之下,內(nèi)部屋子完全地被取消了,造成一個新的內(nèi)部承重鋼框架和內(nèi)部屋子的重新組裝的建筑.
Today,白宮復(fù)合體包括行政住所(其中第一個家庭居住),西方翼(橢圓形辦公室、內(nèi)閣屋子和羅斯福屋子的地點)和東方翼(第一夫人和白宮社交秘書辦公室的地點),并且老行政辦公室大廈,安置總統(tǒng)和副總統(tǒng)行政辦公室.
The白宮由六stories—the底層、狀態(tài)地板、二樓和第三樓制成,并且二層的地下室.它1600年賓夕法尼亞大道NW位于華盛頓特區(qū).作為美國總統(tǒng)行政辦公室,用語“白宮”一般來說通常使用作為metonym為美國總統(tǒng)行政辦公室和為總統(tǒng)的管理和顧問.物產(chǎn)由國家公園管理局擁有并且是總統(tǒng)的Park的一部分.在2007年,它在美國的喜愛的建筑學(xué)建筑師的“名單美國學(xué)院其次排列了”.