初一英語上學(xué)期期中復(fù)習(xí)
【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】
一、語音知識
※1.
※2. 單詞重讀
'dinner'kitchen'shower'peoplefor'get pi'anode'liciousre'view
二、詞匯
※ 1. 1－6單元黑體字單詞

※ 2. 詞組
what about＝how about …怎么樣（認(rèn)為如何）
fall asleep＝be asleep 入睡
eat up 吃光
go to bed 上床睡覺
watch TV 看電視
only child 獨生子、獨生女
wash the dishes 洗盤子
at school/home/work 在學(xué)校 / 家 / 工作
go up 起床
live with sb. 和某人住在一起
三、日常用語
§1. What's your name?
My name is Mike.
§2. Are you happy?
Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
§3. What's your favorite subject?
My favorite subject is English.
§4. Do you like sports?
Yes, I do./No, I don't.
四、語法
§1. 詞類：名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞
§2. 比較等級
【知識講解】

※1. 名詞
①表示人或事物的名稱,如 boy, clock, book, tree.
總的說來,名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類.
專有名詞是個別的人、事物、地點等專有的名稱,如： Jim, China
專有名詞的第一個字母要大寫,如：Beijing, New York
②名詞按其所表示的事物的性質(zhì)分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞.
可數(shù)名詞：可以用數(shù)目計算,有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式,如：an apple, two apples, a car, some cars
不可數(shù)名詞：一般無法用數(shù)目計算,沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,且不用不定冠詞a/an修飾,如：water, milk, meat, tea, bread, rice
③單數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)名詞的規(guī)則如下表：

注：①少數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)是不規(guī)則的,如： man→men woman→women child→children
②表示民族的名詞,有的在詞尾加 s ,如： an American→three Americans
③有的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式相同,如： a Chinese→four Chinesea sheep→three sheepa deer→five deer
※2. 冠詞
冠詞是一種虛詞,不能單獨使用,只能和一個名詞一起使用,并幫助說明此名詞.冠詞有兩類,即定冠詞the 和不定冠詞a/an.
①不定冠詞 常表示“一”的概念,有兩種形式：a和an.a用在輔音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,如：a book, a pen；an用在元音音素開頭的名詞前,如：an apple,an orange,an egg.
②定冠詞the 常表示“這個”“那個”“這些”“那些”的概念,the在元音音素前讀,在輔音音素前讀 ,如：the moon, the evening.
eg. ①－Do you have an English book?
－Yes, but the English book is broken.
② There is a chicken in the picture.
③ We can't see the sun at night.
④ The Browns are going to the park this Sunday.
⑤ Shanghai is in the east of China.
※3. 形容詞
用來修飾名詞,表示人或事物的特征,在句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補足語.
如： It's a sunny day today. Let's go to the park.
This book is good.
It's very nice of you to help us.
常見形容詞的同義詞與近義詞：
large→big大的
glad→happy/pleased高興的
clever→bright聰明的
ill→sick病的
fine→well好的
常見形容詞的反義詞和對應(yīng)詞：
bad（壞的）→good（好的）
big（大的）→small（小的）
busy（忙的）→ free（空閑的）
dry（干的）→wet（濕的）
same（相同的）→different（不同的）
empty（空的）→full（滿的）
cold（寒冷的）→hot（熱的）
open（開著的）→closed（關(guān)閉的）
poor（窮的）→rich（富的）
※4. 副詞
用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句,在句中作狀語或表語.
eg. Now he is back in New York again.
現(xiàn)在他又回到了紐約.
Mike is a good student. He often does his homework carefully.
副詞一般分為七大類：
①時間副詞： now, often, then, early, ago, before
②地點副詞： here, there, out, above, up, down
③方式副詞： hard, well, badly, fast, slowly
④程度副詞： very, much, still, almost, too, so
⑤疑問副詞： how, when, why, where
⑥關(guān)系副詞： when, where, why
⑦連接副詞： now, where, why
often 等表示“頻率”的時間副詞,總被放在句子中間,又稱“中置副詞”.這類副詞有 always（總是）、 usually（通常）、sometimes（有時）、ever（曾經(jīng)）、never（從不）等.
“中置”規(guī)律：
①放在單個的 be 動詞之后；
②放在單個實義動詞之前；
③謂語動詞為多個詞時,放在第一個助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后.
如： You are always late for school. 你總是上學(xué)遲到.
I usually go to school by bike.
I never see that book.
He often helps other students.
He goes to work on foot sometimes.
※5. 比較等級
在進行比較的時候,形容詞和副詞有原級、比較級和最高級三種形式.
規(guī)則形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級加 -er或-est.
（1）不規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞如下：
→better→best
→wors →worst
（許多）many/much→more→most
（幾乎沒有）little→less→least
（遠的）far→farther→farthest
（老的,舊的）old
（2）三種句型
① 原級句型：
as＋形容詞/副詞＋as,表示“和…一樣”；否定句式：not as/so ＋形容詞/副詞＋as,表示“和…不一樣”.
eg. I think Kate does just as well as Ann.
If you like the chicken, you may have as much as you can.
I don't like the film. It's not so interesting as that one.
② 比較級句型：
a. 主語＋謂語＋比較級＋than＋其它,表示“較…一些”.
eg. This city is more beautiful than that one.
It is hotter today than yesterday.
He is a much nicer worker.
b. 比較級＋and＋比較級,more and more＋原級,表示“越來越…”,說明本身程度的改變.
eg. The world's population is growing faster and faster.
世界人口增長得越來越快.
more and more beautiful
越來越漂亮
c. the＋比較級, the＋比較級,表示“越…就越…”,說明隨著前邊條件的變化,后邊的結(jié)果也發(fā)生變化.
eg. The more she eats, the fatter she'll be. 她吃得越多就會越胖.
The more, the better. 越多越好.
③ 最高級句型：
主語＋謂語＋（the）形容詞或副詞的最高級＋in/of
注：最高級前一般要用the,如： He is the most careful student.
但在副詞最高級前the可以省去,如：He writes（the）most carefully in his class.
This kind of cake is the most delicious.
I like English best.
Mike is the youngest in his class.
He runs fastest.
初一英語上冊專題重點動詞
一、be動詞
1. 根據(jù)人稱的不同,be動詞有三種基本形式,分別為am,is和are.am用于單數(shù)第一人稱(I)；is用于單數(shù)第三人稱(he,she,it)；are用于第二人稱和復(fù)數(shù)第一,二,三人稱(we,you,they).
例：I am fifteen years old.
我十五歲了.
You are my friend forever.
你永遠是我的朋友.
He is a hard-working student.
他是一個刻苦努力的學(xué)生.
The students are reading books in the classroom.
學(xué)生們都在教室里讀書.
2. be動詞的否定形式直接在后面加not.
I am not fifteen years old.
He is not a hard-working student.
The students are not reading books in the classroom.
3. 把be動詞的肯定句變成疑問則要直接把動詞be提到句首,變型如下：
Are you fifteen years old?
Is he a hard-working student?
Are the students reading books in the classroom?
二. 行為動詞
1. match v.相稱；匹配
● match. . . with. . .
e. g. Match the words with the pictures,please.
請把單詞和圖畫相搭配.
2. practisev. 練習(xí)
●practise doing sth. 練習(xí)做...
e. g. He practices speaking English every day.
他每天都練習(xí)讀英語.
3. welcomev. 歡迎.
● welcome sb. to sp.
e. g. Please welcome Betty and Tony to our school.
歡迎貝蒂和托尼來我們學(xué)校.
4. invite v. 邀請
● invite sb. to do sth.
e.g. Tom invites me to go to the concert with him on Saturday.
湯姆邀請我跟他周六一起去參加音樂會.
● invite sb. to sp.
e. g. Daming invites Tony to the cinema.
大明邀請托尼去看電影.
● invitation(n. )
send an invitation to sb. 對某人發(fā)出邀請
5. ask v. 請求
● ask sb. to do sth.
e. g. Tony asks Daming to go to a basketball match.
托尼叫大明一起去看籃球賽.
6. havev. 有
● have lessons上課
● have a rest休息
● have a look at sth. 看看...
● have dinner吃飯
● have a good time玩的開心
● have a break課間休息
● have a party舉辦聚會
e. g. We have three lessons in the morning.
我們早上有三節(jié)課.
At eleven o'clock,we have a break and I talk with my friends.
11點我們課間休息,我和我的朋友們聊天.
In the evening,we watch TV and have dinner. I do my homework and go to bed at ten o'clock.
晚上,我們看電視并且吃晚飯.我做作業(yè)然后十點上床睡覺.
7. sendv. 發(fā)送
● send sb sth(send sth. to sb. )
e. g. We usually send him a birthday card.
我們經(jīng)常送給他一張生日卡片.
8. makev. 制作.
● make sth. for sb.
e. g. And we often make a cake for his birthday.
我們經(jīng)常為他的生日做一個生日蛋糕.
● make travel plans on the Internet
e. g. Do you often make travel plans on the Internet?
你們經(jīng)常在網(wǎng)上制定旅游計劃么?
● make a trip to the zoo
e. g. Let's make a trip to the zoo.
讓我們一起去動物園吧.
9. likev. 喜歡
● like doing sth.
e. g. Daming's uncle likes reading and he reads a lot of books.
大明的叔叔喜歡閱讀,并且他經(jīng)常讀很多書.
● would like sth／to do sth.
e. g. Would you like to go to the cinema with Betty and me?
你愿意跟我和貝蒂一起去電影院么?
Would you like some tea?
你想來點茶葉么?
10. talk v. 談話
● talk to (with) sb.
e. g. I often talk to my friends on the phone.
我經(jīng)常跟我的朋友打電話.
● talk about sth.
e. g. I often talk about our favorite singers with my best friends after school.
我經(jīng)常在課后跟我最要好的朋友們談?wù)撐覀兿矚g的歌星.
11. stay v. 停留
● stay at home
e. g. Let's stay at home and watch TV.
讓我們留在家里看電視.
● stay healthy
e. g. Mr. and Mrs. Brown do lots of sports and stay healthy.
布朗先生和布朗太太做很多運動,保持健康.
12. visit v. 參觀
● visit sb／sp.
e. g. Welcome to Beijing Zoo. Sixteen thousand people visit it every year.
歡迎來到北京動物園.每年有16000人在此參觀.
三. 情態(tài)動詞can
情態(tài)動詞特點：
1)后面加動詞原型.
2)否定句和疑問句不需要借助助動詞構(gòu)成.
e. g. I can play basketball. Can you?
我會打籃球,你會么?
That can't be our teacher：our teacher is in her office right now.
那不會是我們老師,我們的老師現(xiàn)在正在辦公室呢.
動詞練習(xí)
一. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空.
1. Can you match the words _______ the pictures?
2. Let's welcome the foreign friends _______ our country.
3. I want to invite my sister ______ my home.
4. Let's have a party and I will send lots of invitations __ my friends.
5. Can I have a look ___________ your new watch?
6. It's Father's Day tomorrow, and I will send a present _____ my father.
7. Can you make a cake _____ me?
8. My parents always buy a birthday cake _____ me ____ my birthday.
9. She usually buys CD _____ her favorite singers.
10. I often talk __ my mother on the phone.
11. Let's stay _____ home and watch TV.
12. I usually download music _____ the Internet.
13. I am a writer and I write my novels _______ my computers.
14. I listen _____ music every day.
15. The polar bear comes ______ the Arctic.
16. He often writes_____his friends.
17. Every day I often talk_____ my parents_____ the interesting things in school.
18. On my birthday, I get lots of presents _____ my family and friends.
19. Who switch______ the lights? It's so dark in the room, let me switch them
二、用所給動詞適當(dāng)形式填空.
1. Daming ________ (be) in Class Two.
2. Lingling and Daming _____ (be) good friends.
3. Lingling with Daming _____ (be) at school now.
4. He can ____ (speak) English.
5. We can _____ (play) basketball and ______ (swim).
6. Tony _____ (ride) a bike to school every day.
7. Lucy and Lily sometimes _____ (do) their homework at school.
8. I want _____ (invite) Lily ____ (see)a film with me after class.
9. I ask my mother _____ (choose) a book for me.
10. What about _____ ( have ) a birthday party?
11. He likes ________ (play) computer games and __ (play) cards at weekends.
12. Let Lingling ______ (watch) TV with me, please.
13. How about______ (go) swimming on Sunday?
14. I would like _____ (have) dinner with you tomorrow.
15. Let's go and ______ (see) a panda.
三、時態(tài)填空.
1. We often _______ (play) in the playground.
2. He _____ (get) up at six o'clock.
3. _____ you _____ (brush) your teeth every morning.
4. What ________ (do) he usually______ (do) after school?
5. Danny _____ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.
6. Mike sometimes _____ (go) to the park with his sister.
7. At eight at night, she _____ (watch) TV with his parents.
8. _____ Mike ______ (read) English every day?
9. How many lessons ____ your classmate _____ (have) on Monday?
10. What time _____ his mother _____ (do) the housework?
四. 按要求修改句子.
1. Do you often play basketball after school? (肯定回答)
2. I have a lot of books.(改為否定句)
3. Betty's mother likes playing table tennis.(改為否定句)
4. She lives in a town near New York.(改為一般疑問句)
5. I watch TV every day.(改為一般疑問句)
6. Tom has got a goal.(改為一般疑問句)
7. We have Chinese lessons in the afternoon. (否定句)
8. Nancy doesn't run fast.(肯定句)
9. My dog runs fast.
否定句
10. Mike has two letters for him.
一般疑問句：
否定句：
練習(xí)參考答案：
一、用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空.
1. with
2. to
3. to
4. to
5. at
6. to
7. for
8. for, on
9. by
10. to(with)
ll. at
12. on
13. on
14. to
15. from
16. to
17. with, about
18. from
19. off, on
二、用所給動詞適當(dāng)形式填空
1. is
2. are
3. is
4. speak
5. play, swim
6. rides
7. do
8. to invite, to see
9. to choose
10. having
11. playing, playing
12. watch
13. going
14. to have
15. see
三、時態(tài)填空
1. play
2. gets
3. Do, brush
4. does do
5. studies
6. goes
7. watches
8. Does, read
9. do, have
10. does, do
四、按要求修改句子
1. Yes, we do.
2. I don't have a lot of books.
3. Betty's mother doesn't like playing table tennis.
4. Does she live in a town near New York?
5. Do you watch TV every day?
6. Has Tom got a goal?
7. We don't have Chinese lessons in the afternoon.
8. Nancy runs fast.
9. My dog doesn't run fast.
Does my dog run fast?
10. Does Mike have two letters for him?
Mike doesn't have two letters for him.