一、 名詞后綴
(1) 具有某種職業(yè)或動(dòng)作的人
1)-an, -ain, 表示".地方的人,精通.的人"American, historian,
2)-al, 表示"具有.職務(wù)的人" principal,
3)-ant,-ent, 表示".者" merchant, agent, servant, student,
4)-ar, 表示".的人" scholar, liar, peddler
5)-ard, -art, 表示"做.的人"coward, laggard, braggart(夸張者)
6)-arian, 表示".派別的人, .主義的人"humanitarian, vegetarian
7)-ary, 表示"從事.的人" secretary, missionary
8)-ant, 表示"具有.職責(zé)的人" candidate, graduate
9)-ator, 表示"做.的人" educator, speculator(投機(jī)者)
10)-crat, 表示"某種政體,主義的支持者" democrat, bureaucrat
11)-ee, 表示"動(dòng)作承受者" employee, examinee
12)-eer, 表示"從事于.人" engineer, volunteer
13)-er, 表示"從事某種職業(yè)的人, 某地區(qū),地方的人" banker, observer, Londoner, villager
14)-ese, 表示" .國人,.地方的人"Japanese, Cantonese
15)-ess, 表示"陰性人稱名詞, actress, hostess, manageress
16)-eur, 表示".家" amateur, littérateur
17)-ian, 表示".地方人,信仰.教的人,從事.職業(yè)的人"Christian,
physician(內(nèi)科醫(yī)生),musician
18)-ician, 表示"精通者, .家,"electrician, magician, technician
19)-icist, 表示".家, .者, .能手"physicist, phoneticist, technicist
20)-ic, 表示".者,.師" mechanic, critic
21)-ie, 表示"愛,指小" dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘)
22)-ier, 表示"從事.職業(yè)" cavalier, clothier, brazier(黃銅匠)
23)-ine, ian, 表示"陰性人稱" heroine, ballerina
24)-ist, 表示"從事.研究者,信仰.主義者" pianist, communist, dentist,
25)-ive, 表示"動(dòng)作者,行為者" native, captive
26)-logist, 表示".學(xué)家,研究者" biologist, geologist(地質(zhì)學(xué)家)
27)-or, 表示".者" author, doctor, operator,
28)-ster, 表示"做.事情的人"youngster, gamester(賭徒),songster
29)-yer, 表示" 從事.職業(yè)者" lawyer
(2). 構(gòu)成,具有抽象名詞的含義
1)-acy, 表示"性質(zhì),狀態(tài),境遇" accuracy, diplomacy
2)-age, 表示"狀態(tài),行為,身份及其結(jié)果,總稱" courage, storage, marriage
3)-al, a) 表示"事物的動(dòng)作,過程"refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval
b) 表示具體的事物manual, signal, editorial, journal
4)-ance, -ence表示"性質(zhì),狀況,行為,過程,總量,程度" endurance, importance,
5)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性質(zhì),狀態(tài),行為,過程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,
6)-bility, 表示"動(dòng)作,性質(zhì),狀態(tài)" possibility, feasibility,
7)-craft, 表示"工藝,技巧" woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft（治國策）
8)-cracy, 表示"統(tǒng)治,支配" bureaucracy, democracy
9)-cy, 表示"性質(zhì),狀態(tài),職位,級別" bankruptcy(破產(chǎn)),supremacy
10)-dom, 表示"等級,領(lǐng)域,狀態(tài)" freedom, kingdom, wisdom
11)-ery, -ry, 表示"行為,狀態(tài),習(xí)性" bravery, bribery, rivalry
12)-ety, 表示"性質(zhì),狀態(tài)" variety, dubiety(懷疑)
13)-faction, -facture, 表示"作成,.化,作用" satisfaction
14)-hood, 表示"資格,身份, 年紀(jì),狀態(tài)" childhood, manhood, falsehood
15)-ice, 表示"行為,性質(zhì),狀態(tài)" notice, justice, service
16)-ine, 表示"帶有抽象概念" medicine, discipline, famine
17)-ing, 表示"動(dòng)作的過程,結(jié)果" building, writing, learning
18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行為的過程,結(jié)果,狀況" action, solution,
19)-ise, 表示"性質(zhì),狀態(tài)" exercise, merchandise(商業(yè))
20)-ism, 表示"制度,主義,學(xué)說,信仰,行為" socialism, criticism
21)-ity, 表示"性質(zhì),狀態(tài),程度" purity, reality, ability, calamity
22)-ment, 表示"行為,狀態(tài),過程,手段及其結(jié)果 treatment, movement
23)-mony, 表示"動(dòng)作的結(jié)果,狀態(tài)" ceremony, testimony
24)-ness, 表示"性質(zhì),狀態(tài),程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness
25)-or, -our, 表示"動(dòng)作,性質(zhì),狀態(tài)" favor, error,
26)-osity, 表示"動(dòng)作,狀態(tài)" curiosity
27)-ship, 表示"情況,性質(zhì),技巧,技能及身份,職業(yè)" hardship
28)-th, 表示"動(dòng)作,性質(zhì),過程,狀態(tài)" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth
29)-tude, 表示"性質(zhì),狀態(tài),程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)
30)-ure, 表示"行為,結(jié)果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手續(xù)),
31)-y, 表示"行為的結(jié)果,狀態(tài),性質(zhì)" glory, history, victory, inquiry
(3) 帶有場所,地方的含義
1)-age, 表示"住所,地點(diǎn)" village, cottage
2)-ary, 表示"住所,場地" library, granary (谷倉)
3)-ery, ry, 表示"工作場所,飼養(yǎng)所,地點(diǎn)" laundry, nursery, surgery(手術(shù)室)
4)-ory, 表示"工作場所,住處" factory, dormitory, laboratory
(4) 帶有學(xué)術(shù),科技含義
1)-grapy, 表示".學(xué),寫法" biography, calligraphy, geography
2)-ic, ics, 表示".學(xué).法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics
3)-ology, 表示".學(xué).論"biology, zoology, technology(工藝學(xué))
4)-nomy, 表示".學(xué).術(shù)" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生態(tài)學(xué))
5)-ery, 表示"學(xué)科,技術(shù)" chemistry, cookery, machinery
6)-y, 表示".學(xué),術(shù),法" photography, philosophy
(5) 表示人和事物的總和,集合含義
1)-age, baggage, tonnage
2)-dom, newspaperdom(新聞界)
3)-hood, neighbourhood, womanhood
4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(內(nèi)閣)
5)-ure, legislature, judicature
(6) 表示物品和物質(zhì)名稱的含義
1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant
2)-al, signal, pictorial(畫報(bào))
3)ar, collar, pillar(石柱)
4)- er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker
5)-ery, drapery(綢緞)
6)-ing, clothing, matting,
7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment
(7) 表示"細(xì)小"的含義
1)-cle, particle,
2)-cule, molecule(分子)
3)-el, parcel
4)-en, chicken, maiden
5)-et, pocket, ticket
6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文)
7)-kin, napkin
8)-ling, duckling,
9)-let, booklet
10)-y, baby, doggy
二、形容詞后綴
（1）帶有"屬性,傾向,相關(guān)"的含義
1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible
2)-al, natural, additional, educational
3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican
4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent
5)-ar, similar, popular, regular
6)-ary, military, voluntary
7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,
8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine
9)-ing, moving, touching, daring
10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish
11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive
12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory
13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的)
(2) 表示"相象,類似"的含義
1)-ish, boyish, childish
2)-esque, picturesque
3)-like, manlike, childlike
4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
5)-some, troublesome, handsome
6)-y, milky, pasty
(3) 表示"充分的"含義
1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various
3)-ent, violent,
(4) 表示由某種物質(zhì)形成,制成或生產(chǎn)的含義
1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen
2)-ous, gaseous
3)-fic, scientific
(5) 表示方向的含義
1)-ern, eastern, western
2)-ward, downward, forward
(6) 表示"倍數(shù)"的含義
1)-ble, double, treble
2)ple, triple
3)-fold, twofold, tenfold
(7) 表示"數(shù)量關(guān)系"的含義
1)-teen, thirteen
2)-ty, fifty
3)-th, fourth, fiftieth
(8) 表示國籍,語種,宗教的含義
1)-an, Roman, European
2)-ese, Chinese,
3)-ish, English, Spanish
(9) 表示"比較程度"的含義
1)-er, greater
2)-ish, reddish, yellowish
3)-est, highest
4)-most, foremost, topmost
(10)其他的含義
-less, 表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless