1.near作形容詞.(1)表示"鄰近的,接近的".如：a near translation接近原文的翻譯.(2)也可以表示"親密的,近親的".如：He is my near friend.他是我最好的朋友.
2.near可以用作介詞.意為："在.附近"或"接近,近"如：There's a bakery near our house.在我家附近有一個面包店.It is near dinner time.快到吃飯的時間了.
BESIDE 的用法
Besides,there are very few skilled stone workers left after the war years.=Also,there are very few skilled stone workers that are left after the war years.此外,戰(zhàn)爭年代過后,技術(shù)熟練的石匠以所剩無幾.
句中的besides是副詞,作“還有,而且”解,通常置于句首.
例如：it’s too late to go to the concert.Besides,it’s raining.I don’t want to go out now.besides,I’m feeling tired.The task is difficult; besides,time is limited.Besides還可以用作介詞,意思是“除…之外”,“還有…”
例如,There are five other room besides these two.Besides the violin,Jack also plays the piano.To learn English,listening is also important besides reading.
不要把besides同beside是介詞,作“在……旁邊”（next to）解,例如：He is sitting beside the driver.He lives in a town beside a lake.
by,beside,near和next to
1) by和beside均表示“在……旁邊”,?？蓳Q用
例：There is a chair by the table.桌子邊上有一把椅子.
She stood by the window.她站在窗邊.
The hotel is beside (/by) the river.那家飯店在河邊.
Come and sit beside (/by) me.過來,坐在我邊上.
Put your shoes beside mine.把你的鞋子放在我的鞋子旁邊.
2) near表示“在……附近”,表示的距離比by和beside稍遠(yuǎn)些,也時常換用
例：There is a theatre near his home.他家附近有一家劇院.
Don't play near the road.不要在馬路附近玩.
There is a post office near No.1 Middle School.第一中學(xué)附近有一所郵局.