become
它是一個中性詞,用于意義好、壞兩方面的變化都可以.可與形容詞和名詞連用.
What do you have to do to become a pilot?人們需要做些什么才能成為飛行員?
Richard became aware of the gravity of the situation.理查德開始意識到情況的嚴重性.
(1)通常不用become來談論有目的的行動.
Please get ready now.現在請作好準備.
(不能說：Please become ready now.)
(2)表示將來之事的"成為…",在口語中常用be來表示.
He wants to become a doctor.＝He wants to be a doctor.
(3)"演變到,終于……"不用become而用come to do來表示.
She has come to like rock music.她終于喜歡搖滾樂了
get
(1)與形容詞連用,也可以用在lost,broken,dressed,married等過去分詞的前面.它不像become那樣正式.
It was getting very dark.天越來越黑了.(非正式)
You get younger every day.你越來越年輕了.(非正式)
They got married in 1986and got divorced two years later.他們1986年結的婚,兩年以后便離婚了.
(2)作此意思講時,通常不用在名詞的前面.
What do you have to become a pilot?人們需要做些什么才能成為飛行員?(不能說：to get a pilot?)
(3)有時可以用get加動詞不定式來表示逐漸變化.
After a few weeks I got to like the job better.幾個星期以后,我逐漸地更喜歡這個工作了.
She is nice when you get to know her.你逐漸了解了她以后,你會覺得她這個人不錯
go
可以用在形容詞之前來談論變化,尤其是在非正式文體中,下面兩種情況,這種用法很常見：
(1)顏色
go(不是get)用來表示顏色的變化,尤其是在英國英語中.
Leaves go／turn brown in autumn.秋天樹葉變紅了.(不能說：Leaves get brown...)
Suddenly everything went black and I lost conscious- ness.突然,眼前一片黑,我失去了知覺.
其他例子(主要是英國英語)：
go blue with cold／red with embarrassment／green with envy臉凍得發(fā)紫色／難堪得臉發(fā)紅／因嫉妒而臉色發(fā)青
turn也可以用在這些情況；在逐漸變化時,grow也可以這樣用.go在文體上比turn和grow更不正式.
(2)性質的變化
在一些表示向壞的變化的常用詞組中用go(通常不用get).
horses go lame馬腿
machines go wrong機器出毛病
meat,fish or vegetables go bad肉、魚或蔬菜變質
milk goes off(英國英語)or sour牛奶變味或變酸
bread goes stale面包不新鮮了
He went bald in his twenties.他二十多歲時就禿頂了.
與old,tired和ill連用時要用get,而不用go.
turn
大多用于看得見的或人人注目的狀態(tài)上的變化.常用在表示顏色的詞之前(在文體上比go較為正式).
She turned bright red and ran out of the room.她的臉一紅,就跑出了屋子.
He turns nasty after he's had a couple of drinks.他喝了幾杯酒后就開始胡來.
(1)turn into用在名詞前,談論某人性格或某事性質發(fā)生了重大變化.
He's a lovely man,but when he gets jealous he turns into a monster.他是個討人喜歡的人,但是當他嫉妒起來時,就成了一個惡煞.
A girl has to kiss a lot of frogs before one of them turns into a prince.女孩還要親吻很多青蛙,才能使其中的一個變成王子.
(2)turn to和turn into兩個詞組都可用在表示事物的名稱之前.
His worry turned into fury.他由煩惱變成了大怒.
Everything that King Midas touched turned into gold.邁達斯國王用手碰什么東西,那東西就變成金子.
They stood there as if they had been turned into stone.他們一動不動地站在那兒,那東西就變成石頭人了.
(3)談論人們變換職業(yè),宗教信仰,政治觀點等等,有時候turn(后面不跟介詞或冠詞)加上名詞或形容詞.
He worked in a bank for thirty years before turning painter.他在銀行工作30年以后才改行畫畫.
Towards the end of the war he turned traitor.戰(zhàn)爭快結束的時候,他成了叛徒.
At the end of her life she turned Catholic.她在臨終時信起天主教來.
(4)turn(in)to也可以用作帶有賓語的及物動詞,表示引起某種變化.
In the Greek legend,Circe turned men into pigs.在希臘傳說里,咯耳刻把人便成豬.