反意疑問句
一、什么是反意疑問句
英語中,反意疑問句是由陳述句和附在其后的附加疑問句組成.其中附加疑問句是對陳述句所說的事實或觀點提出疑問,起證實作用,一般用于證實說話者所說的事實或觀點.
二、反意疑問句用法說明
◇注意：
反意疑問句前后兩部分謂語應(yīng)是,“肯定陳述＋否定疑問”或“否定陳述＋肯定疑問”
簡略問句如果是否定式,not應(yīng)與be,do,will等系動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞縮寫
簡略問句的主語不用名詞,應(yīng)用人稱代詞
當(dāng)說話者的目的不在疑問,而是為了加強語氣時,用降調(diào)
當(dāng)說話者的目的在疑問,則用升調(diào)
陳述部分含“too...to”時,是否定句
1) 陳述部分的主語是I,疑問部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?
（我和你姐姐一樣高,對嗎?）
2) 陳述部分的謂語是wish,疑問部分要用may +主語.
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
（我希望可以和你說話,可以嗎?）
3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時,疑問部分用肯定含義.
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (開花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問句,陳述部分是肯定的,疑問部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語.
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑問部分常用don't +主語（didn't +主語）.
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陳述部分的謂語是used to 時,疑問部分用didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語.
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.,疑問部分多用 wouldn't +主語.
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn't +主語.
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問句,疑問部分根據(jù)實際情況而定.
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感嘆句中,疑問部分用be +主語.
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陳述部分由neither… nor, either… or 連接的并列主語時,疑問部分根據(jù)其實際邏輯意義而定.
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問部分主語用it.
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14)陳述部分為主語從句或并列復(fù)合句,疑問部分有三種情況：
a. 并列復(fù)合句疑問部分,謂語動詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定.
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 帶有定語從句,賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句,疑問部分謂語根據(jù)主句的謂語而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句謂語是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的定語從句,疑問部分與賓語從句相對應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問句.
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑問部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they,有時也用單數(shù)he.
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 帶情態(tài)動詞dare或need的反意疑問句,疑問部分常用 need (dare ) +主語.
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
當(dāng)dare, need 為實義動詞時,疑問部分用助動詞do + 主語.
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句,疑問部分用will you.
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 開頭的祈使句,后用shall we（或用shan't we) ?
Let us 開頭的祈使句,后用will you（或won't you）?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shan't we)?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或won't you）?
18) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的,疑問部分用there省略主語代詞.
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞,其反意疑問句仍用否定形式.
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
20) must在表"推測"時,根據(jù)其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句.
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
快速記憶表
陳述部分的謂語疑問部分
Iaren't I
Wish may +主語
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含義
rarely, little等否定
含義的詞
ought to（肯定的）shouldn't/ oughtn't +主語
have to+v.(had to+v.)don't +主語(didn't +主語)
used todidn't +主語或 usedn't +主語
had better + v. hadn't you
would rather + v.wouldn't +主語
you'd like to + v.wouldn't +主語
must 根據(jù)實際情況而定
感嘆句中 be +主語
Neither…nor,
either…or 連接的根 據(jù)其實際邏輯意義而定
并列主語
指示代詞或不定代詞
everything,that,主語用it
nothing,this
并列復(fù)合句 謂語根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定
定語從句,賓語從句的
主從復(fù)合句 根據(jù)主句的謂語而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引導(dǎo)與賓語從句相對應(yīng)的從句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one復(fù)數(shù)they, 單數(shù)he
情態(tài)動詞dare或needneed (dare ) +主語
dare, need 為實義動詞 do +主語
省去主語的祈使句 will you?
there be 相應(yīng)的謂語動詞+there(省略主語代詞）
否定前綴不能視為否定詞仍用否定形式
must表"推測" 根據(jù)其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句
Let's 開頭的祈使句Shall we?§Let us 開頭的祈使句 Will you?
『補：Let's和Let us的區(qū)別』
◇1.Let's是Let us的縮寫.包括說話人和聽話人雙方在內(nèi),含有催促、建議或請對方一起行動的意思.在聽話人表示贊同建議時可只用Let's.如：
---Shall we go by train?
---Yes,let's.
◇2.當(dāng)請求對方允許自己（第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)）做某事時,要用Let us,這里的 us 不包括聽話對方在內(nèi),不能縮寫為Let's.
如兩個同學(xué)對老師說：
Please let us remove the bookshelf for you.
讓我倆給你移動一下書架.
◇3.兩者在構(gòu)成附加疑問句時,方法不同.如：
Let's go to see the film,shall we ?
咱們?nèi)タ措娪?好嗎?
Let us go to see the film,will you?
讓我們?nèi)タ措娪?好嗎?