一、陳述句：是用來陳述一件事情或表示一種看法,可分為肯定句和否定句兩種形式.
1、謂語動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞have, has, will,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can等時(shí),只要直接在這些詞后面加not就構(gòu)成否定形式.
eg. Lily has already read this new book. (改為否定句)
Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.
2、謂語動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞而又沒有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),必須在謂語動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)加助動(dòng)詞do ,第三人稱單數(shù)加does,一般過去時(shí)加did,再和not構(gòu)成否定結(jié)構(gòu).必須指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用動(dòng)詞原形.
eg.1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改為否定句)
Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.
2)The children had a good time at the party. (改為否定句)
The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.
3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改為肯定句)
Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.
二、疑問句：是用來提出問題的句子.
A.一般疑問句：以be動(dòng)詞, have /has/do等助動(dòng)詞、can/may等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞開頭,以yes或no來回答的問句.
它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Be/Have /Has/Did等助動(dòng)詞（包括情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）＋主語＋謂語（包括表語）＋┄?回答常用簡略回答.
1、謂語動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),只要直接把這些詞置于句首,句末改成問號(hào).
eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑問句）
______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike?
2、謂語動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞時(shí),必須在句首加上助動(dòng)詞Do、Does（三單）、Did（過去式）加上這些助動(dòng)詞后,句子中謂語動(dòng)詞必須用原形.
eg. 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑問句）
______ Edison ______ a science lab himself when he was ten?
2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑問句）
______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food?
注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑問句的時(shí)候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等詞,如果有也必須進(jìn)行改變,already要改成yet,some、something、somebody等分別改成any、anything、anybody等.另外,在改成否定句的時(shí)候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑問句的時(shí)候,常常把第一人稱I、we改成第二人稱you.
B.特殊疑問句：以疑問代詞或疑問副詞開頭,提出疑問的句子.
它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：特殊疑問詞＋一般疑問句語序.但是如果疑問詞在句子中作主語或作主語的定語,就用特殊疑問詞＋陳述句語序.常用的疑問詞有：what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,why等,回答時(shí)針對(duì)問句中的代詞和副詞來回答,不用yes或no來回答.
1)對(duì)指物名詞或謂語動(dòng)詞提出疑問,疑問詞用what
①The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （劃線提問）
______ _____ the twins _____ when their mother came in?
②Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （劃線提問）
_______ ______ Mrs Turner ask her son ______ _______?
2)對(duì)名詞前定語提出疑問,疑問詞應(yīng)用which,而且必須和名詞連用.
I'm going to take the shirt on the right.（劃線提問）
______ _____ are you going to take?
3)對(duì)指人名詞或代詞提問用who,作賓語時(shí)提問用whom.
eg.Li Ping,they,his father
4)對(duì)物主代詞和名詞所有格提問用whose.
eg. Li Ping's coat→Whose coat my father→Whose father
5)對(duì)具體時(shí)間提出疑問,如 in the morning,last Sunday等,疑問詞用when；對(duì)具體幾點(diǎn)鐘提問,疑問詞應(yīng)用what time.
6)對(duì)具體地點(diǎn)提出疑問,疑問詞應(yīng)用where.
The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （劃線提問）
_____ _____ the pupils having a picnic?
7)對(duì)表原因的從句提問,常見的有because引導(dǎo)的從句,疑問詞應(yīng)用why.
Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （劃線提問）
_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?
8)對(duì)方式或程度等提出疑問,用疑問詞How.
eg. go by bike like very much
9)對(duì)數(shù)量提出疑問,疑問詞為How many,要注意how many必須跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式.
eg. two hundred sheep→How many sheep
10)對(duì)價(jià)格提出疑問,疑問詞用How much.
eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.
______ ______ did you pay for the sweater?
11)對(duì)時(shí)間長度提出疑問,疑問詞應(yīng)用How long.
eg. I've worked in that factory for two years. （劃線提問）96中考題
______ _____ _______ you worked in that factory?
12)對(duì)時(shí)間頻率,如 once a year, twice a week等提問,疑問詞用How often.
13)對(duì)具體次數(shù),如 once, twice, three times等提問,疑問詞用How many times.
eg. ______ did he call you the day before yesterday?Twice. 96中考題
A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long
14)對(duì)in＋一段時(shí)間提問,疑問詞一般用How soon.
eg. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （劃線提問）
_____ _____ _____ Jane and her brother finish the work?
15)對(duì)距離提出疑問,疑問詞用How far.
eg. It's about two kilometres from here to the country.（劃線提問）
______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?
16)另外,對(duì)日期、星期、天氣等提出疑問,則分別用
What's the date?
What day is it ? 如果是過去時(shí)間,就用was代替is.
What's the weather like?
練習(xí)題
1)She does exercises at home in the evening.（改成否定句、一般疑問句）
She ______ ______ exercises at home in the evening.
______ she _____ exercises at home in the evening?
2)He said something important at the meeting.（改為否定句,一般疑問句）
He _____ ______ ______ important at the meeting.
______ he ______ ______ important at the meeting?
3)It'll take them three weeks to finish the work.（劃線提問）
______ ______ _______ it take them to finish the work?
4)I have to wash all the plates and things after meals.（劃線提問）
_____ _____ you have to wash all the plates and things?
5)The woman in the red coat is her mother.（劃線提問）
______ ______ is her mother?
6)Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary.（劃線提問）
_____ ____ ____ Li Ping _____ on the dictionary?
思考題
1)The worker's visited the factory already.（改成否定句、一般疑問句）
The worker _____ _____ the factory ______.
____ the worker ___ the factory __?
2)Both of his parents are workers.（改成否定句）
___ of his parents ______ a worker.
3)He went to the park with his sister.（劃線提問）
_____ ____ ____ he go to the park?
4)We really enjoyed working on the farm.（劃線提問）
What _____ you really enjoy ______?
5)She writes to her parents once a week.（劃線提問）
_______ ______ ______ she write to her parents?
6)Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（劃線提問）
______ ______ ______ our P.E teacher been at this school?
一、陳述句：是用來陳述一件事情或表示一種看法,可分為肯定句和否定句兩種形式.
1、謂語動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞have, has, will,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can等時(shí),只要直接在這些詞后面加not就構(gòu)成否定形式.
eg. Lily has already read this new book. (改為否定句)
Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.
2、謂語動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞而又沒有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),必須在謂語動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)加助動(dòng)詞do ,第三人稱單數(shù)加does,一般過去時(shí)加did,再和not構(gòu)成否定結(jié)構(gòu).必須指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用動(dòng)詞原形.
eg.1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改為否定句)
Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.
2)The children had a good time at the party. (改為否定句)
The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.
3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改為肯定句)
Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.
二、疑問句：是用來提出問題的句子.
A.一般疑問句：以be動(dòng)詞, have /has/do等助動(dòng)詞、can/may等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞開頭,以yes或no來回答的問句.
它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Be/Have /Has/Did等助動(dòng)詞（包括情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）＋主語＋謂語（包括表語）＋┄?回答常用簡略回答.
1、謂語動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),只要直接把這些詞置于句首,句末改成問號(hào).
eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑問句）
______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike?
2、謂語動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞時(shí),必須在句首加上助動(dòng)詞Do、Does（三單）、Did（過去式）加上這些助動(dòng)詞后,句子中謂語動(dòng)詞必須用原形.
eg. 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑問句）
______ Edison ______ a science lab himself when he was ten?
2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑問句）
______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food?
注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑問句的時(shí)候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等詞,如果有也必須進(jìn)行改變,already要改成yet,some、something、somebody等分別改成any、anything、anybody等.另外,在改成否定句的時(shí)候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑問句的時(shí)候,常常把第一人稱I、we改成第二人稱you.
B.特殊疑問句：以疑問代詞或疑問副詞開頭,提出疑問的句子.
它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：特殊疑問詞＋一般疑問句語序.但是如果疑問詞在句子中作主語或作主語的定語,就用特殊疑問詞＋陳述句語序.常用的疑問詞有：what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,why等,回答時(shí)針對(duì)問句中的代詞和副詞來回答,不用yes或no來回答.
1)對(duì)指物名詞或謂語動(dòng)詞提出疑問,疑問詞用what
①The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （劃線提問）
______ _____ the twins _____ when their mother came in?
②Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （劃線提問）
_______ ______ Mrs Turner ask her son ______ _______?
2)對(duì)名詞前定語提出疑問,疑問詞應(yīng)用which,而且必須和名詞連用.
I'm going to take the shirt on the right.（劃線提問）
______ _____ are you going to take?
3)對(duì)指人名詞或代詞提問用who,作賓語時(shí)提問用whom.
eg.Li Ping,they,his father
4)對(duì)物主代詞和名詞所有格提問用whose.
eg. Li Ping's coat→Whose coat my father→Whose father
5)對(duì)具體時(shí)間提出疑問,如 in the morning,last Sunday等,疑問詞用when；對(duì)具體幾點(diǎn)鐘提問,疑問詞應(yīng)用what time.
6)對(duì)具體地點(diǎn)提出疑問,疑問詞應(yīng)用where.
The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （劃線提問）
_____ _____ the pupils having a picnic?
7)對(duì)表原因的從句提問,常見的有because引導(dǎo)的從句,疑問詞應(yīng)用why.
Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （劃線提問）
_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?
8)對(duì)方式或程度等提出疑問,用疑問詞How.
eg. go by bike like very much
9)對(duì)數(shù)量提出疑問,疑問詞為How many,要注意how many必須跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式.
eg. two hundred sheep→How many sheep
10)對(duì)價(jià)格提出疑問,疑問詞用How much.
eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.
______ ______ did you pay for the sweater?
11)對(duì)時(shí)間長度提出疑問,疑問詞應(yīng)用How long.
eg. I've worked in that factory for two years. （劃線提問）96中考題
______ _____ _______ you worked in that factory?
12)對(duì)時(shí)間頻率,如 once a year, twice a week等提問,疑問詞用How often.
13)對(duì)具體次數(shù),如 once, twice, three times等提問,疑問詞用How many times.
eg. ______ did he call you the day before yesterday?Twice. 96中考題
A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long
14)對(duì)in＋一段時(shí)間提問,疑問詞一般用How soon.
eg. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （劃線提問）
_____ _____ _____ Jane and her brother finish the work?
15)對(duì)距離提出疑問,疑問詞用How far.
eg. It's about two kilometres from here to the country.（劃線提問）
______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?
16)另外,對(duì)日期、星期、天氣等提出疑問,則分別用
What's the date?
What day is it ? 如果是過去時(shí)間,就用was代替is.
What's the weather like?
練習(xí)題
1)She does exercises at home in the evening.（改成否定句、一般疑問句）
She ______ ______ exercises at home in the evening.
______ she _____ exercises at home in the evening?
2)He said something important at the meeting.（改為否定句,一般疑問句）
He _____ ______ ______ important at the meeting.
______ he ______ ______ important at the meeting?
3)It'll take them three weeks to finish the work.（劃線提問）
______ ______ _______ it take them to finish the work?
4)I have to wash all the plates and things after meals.（劃線提問）
_____ _____ you have to wash all the plates and things?
5)The woman in the red coat is her mother.（劃線提問）
______ ______ is her mother?
6)Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary.（劃線提問）
_____ ____ ____ Li Ping _____ on the dictionary?
思考題
1)The worker's visited the factory already.（改成否定句、一般疑問句）
The worker _____ _____ the factory ______.
____ the worker ___ the factory __?
2)Both of his parents are workers.（改成否定句）
___ of his parents ______ a worker.
3)He went to the park with his sister.（劃線提問）
_____ ____ ____ he go to the park?
4)We really enjoyed working on the farm.（劃線提問）
What _____ you really enjoy ______?
5)She writes to her parents once a week.（劃線提問）
_______ ______ ______ she write to her parents?
6)Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（劃線提問）
______ ______ ______ our P.E teacher been at this school?
句型轉(zhuǎn)換題是中考常見題型,它主要用來考查大家對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成、變化的掌握及在行文中的運(yùn)用等,類型繁多.現(xiàn)以近兩年中考題為例,分類介紹如下：
[第一類] 改成否定句
英語中有關(guān)否定的結(jié)構(gòu)各不相同,除動(dòng)詞部分構(gòu)成的否定外,還有名詞、代詞的否定、部分否定、否定轉(zhuǎn)移、以及一些表示否定意義的短語或句型等.
一、含有連系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等助動(dòng)詞的句子改為否定句時(shí),在連系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等的后面加not就行了.如：（劃線部分為正確答案,下同.）
1. He was late for school yesterday. （2005黑龍江省泰州市）
He wasn’t late for school yesterday.
2. The students of No.2 Middle School have gone for a picnic already. （2004新疆）
The students of No.2 Middle School haven’t gone for a picnic yet.
二、祈使句變否定句一般在其前加don’t.如：
3. Open the window. （2005江蘇?。?
Don’t open the window.
三、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的否定式是在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前加don’t, doesn’t, didn’t等.如：
4. She does the housework every day. （2005黑龍江省哈爾濱市）
She doesn’t do the housework every day.
5. He returned the book to the library this morning. （2004重慶市）
He didn’t return the book to the library this morning.
注意：變否定句時(shí)須注意某些詞語的變化,如some改為any, something改為anything, already改為yet, both改為neither, all改為none等.又如：
6. Both of them are my best friends. （2004甘肅省蘭州市）
Neither of them is my best friend.
[第二類] 改為疑問句
可分為一般疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句.
一、變一般疑問句時(shí),含有連系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子,只需將它們移至句首,第一個(gè)字母變?yōu)榇髮?句尾改為問號(hào)即可.含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子,在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前加do, does, did等.變化過程中也要注意某些詞語和人稱的變化.如：
7. There’s something to eat in the cupboard.（2005貴州省貴陽市）
Is there anything to eat in the cupboard?
8. Kate does morning exercises every day. （2004山東省濟(jì)南市）
Does Kate do morning exercises every day?
9. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. （2005四川省成都市）
Did Ann return the book to the library yesterday?
二、變選擇疑問句時(shí),如果該句是一般疑問句,則在后面直接加“or＋另一選擇部分”就行了；若是陳述句,則要先變成一般疑問句.如：
10. John is an American. （用a Canadian改為選擇疑問句）（2004新疆）
Is John an American or a Canadian?
三、變反意疑問句時(shí),要注意“前肯后否”和“前否后肯”,還要注意一些特殊形式的反意疑問句.如：
11. She has hardly had anything this morning, has she?（2005山東省泰安市）
12. You will meet your friends at the railway station, won’t you?（2004重慶）
13. She had nothing for breakfast, did she?（2005青海）
14. There was no time for the twins to go shopping, was there?（2004黑龍江省哈爾濱市）