hold out
1.堅(jiān)持
How long can we hold out?
我們能堅(jiān)持多久?
2.維持
How long will our food supplies hold out?
我們的糧食還能維持多久?
3.給予
The doctors hold out little hope of his recovery.
醫(yī)生們對(duì)他的康復(fù)不抱多大希望.
hold up
1.阻礙
They were held up by fog.
他們被霧所阻.
2.攔截
The criminals held up the train.
罪犯攔截了火車.
3.舉出
Don't hold me up as a model husband.
別把我推舉為模范丈夫.
hold off
1.(使)不接近
His cold manner holds people off.
他冷淡的態(tài)度使人無(wú)法接近.
2.拖延
They will hold off their decision until Monday.
他們將延至星期一再作決定.
hold back
1.抑制
Jim was able to hold back his anger.
吉姆抑制住了憤怒.
2.阻礙
He was held back from further promotion.
他沒(méi)得到進(jìn)一步的升級(jí).
3.退縮
When danger came,no one held back.
危險(xiǎn)降臨時(shí),無(wú)人退縮.
4.隱瞞
Don't hold anything back.
別隱瞞什么.
hold down
1.保有(工作等)
Jim has not held down a job for more than a year.
沒(méi)有一份工作吉姆能保住一年.
2.抑制;壓制
We must hold down prices.
我們必須控制物價(jià).
辨析：hold up指用暴力或武力威脅搶劫,有明確目的
hold back扣住,保留抑制的意思