by,beside,near和next to
1) by和beside均表示“在……旁邊”,?？蓳Q用
例：There is a chair by the table.桌子邊上有一把椅子.
She stood by the window.她站在窗邊.
The hotel is beside (/by) the river.那家飯店在河邊.
Come and sit beside (/by) me.過來,坐在我邊上.
Put your shoes beside mine.把你的鞋子放在我的鞋子旁邊.
2) near表示“在……附近”,表示的距離比by和beside稍遠(yuǎn)些,也時(shí)常換用
例：There is a theatre near his home.他家附近有一家劇院.
Don't play near the road.不要在馬路附近玩.
There is a post office near No.1 Middle School.第一中學(xué)附近有一所郵局.
3) next to表示“緊靠……的旁邊”
例：The new building next to the bookstore is a cinema.書店旁邊的那幢新樓是一家電影院.
There is a café next to the barber's.理發(fā)店隔壁是一家咖啡館.