從英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)上說,除了修飾名詞的定語和修飾動詞的狀語外,在千變?nèi)f化的句子中可歸納為五個(gè)基本句式,一般地說,某些動詞用在某一句式中,下面筆者把這些句型和常用的動詞進(jìn)行歸類,供你參考.
1.S(主） + Vi（不及物動詞）（謂）
Time flies.
1) S + V + adverbial(狀語）
Birds sing beautifully.
2) S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介詞短語）
He went on holiday.
3) S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式）
We stopped to have a rest.
4) S + Vi+ Participle (分詞）
I'll go swimming.
2.S (主）+ Vt （及物動詞）（謂）+ O（賓）
We like English.
1) S + VT + N/Pron
I like music.
I like her.
2) S + VT + infinitive(不定式）
I want to help him.
常用于這句型的動詞有：attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,hope,intend,learn,need,offer,pretend,promise,propose,purpose,refuse,want,wish等.
3) S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive
I don't know what to do.
常用于這句型的動詞有：ask,consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,guess,inquire,know,learn,observe,remember,see,settle,tell,think,understand,wonder等.
4) S + VT + Gerund
I enjoy living here.
常用于這句型的動詞有：admit,advise,avoid,consider,defend,enjoy,excuse,finish,forbid,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,give up,can't help等.
5) S + VT + That-clause
I don't think (that) he is right.
常用于這句型的動詞有：Admit,believe,command,confess,declare,demand,deny,doubt,expect,explain,feel(覺得）,hear（聽說）,hope,imagine,intend,know,mean,mind（當(dāng)心）,notice,propose,request,report,say,see（看出）,show,suggest,suppose,think,understand,wish,wonder(覺得奇怪）.
3.S (主）+ V（謂）（lv)( 系動詞）+ P（表）
We are Chinese.
除了be 系動詞外,還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞,1)表感官的動詞,feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem 等.2) 表轉(zhuǎn)變變化的動詞,become,get,grow,turn,go,等.3)表延續(xù)的動詞 remain,keep,seem,hold,stay,rest等.4)表瞬時(shí)的動詞 come,fall,set,cut,occur等 5)其他動詞 eat,lie,prove,ring,run,shine,sit,stand,continue,hang等.
1) S + Lv + N/Pron(名詞/代詞）
He is a boy.
This is mine.
2) S + Lv + Adj（形容詞）
She is beautiful.
3) S + Lv + Adv (副詞）
Class is over.
4) S + Lv + Prep Phrase
He is in good health.
5) S + Lv + Participle(分詞）
He is excited.
The film is interesting.
4.S (主）+ VT （謂）+ In O（間接 賓） + D O（直接 賓）
I give you help.
1) S + VT + N/Pron + N
I sent him a book.
I bought May a book.
2) S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phrase
He sent a book to me.
He bought a coat for me.
間接賓語前需要加to 的常用動詞有：allow,bring,deny,do(帶來）,give,grant,hand,leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,permit,promise,read,refuse,render,restore,sell,send,show,teach,tell wish,write等.
間接賓語前需要加for 的常用動詞有：bring,buy,cash,choose,fetch,get,leave,make,order,paint,play(演奏）,save,sing,spare等.
5.S (主）+ VT（謂）+ O（賓） + O C（賓補(bǔ)）
I make you clear.
1) S + VT + N/Pron + N
We named our baby Tom.
常用于這句型的動詞有：appoint,call,choose,elect,entitle,find,make,name,nominate(命名）.
2) S + VT + N/Pron + Adj
He painted the wall white.
常用于這句型的動詞有：beat,boil,cut,drive,find,get,hold,keep,leave,like,make,paint,see,set,turn,want,wash,wipe,wish等.
3) S + VT + N/Pron + Prep Phrase
She always keeps everything in good order.
4) S + VT + N/Pron + Infinitive
I wish you to stay.
I made him work
常用于這句型的動詞有：a)不定式帶to的詞：advice,allow,ask,beg,cause,choose,command,decide,encourage,expect,force,get,hate,invite,know,leave,like,love,order,permit,persuade,prefer,remain,request,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等.b)不定式不帶to的詞：feel,have,hear,know,let,listen to,look at,make,notice,see,watch等.
5) S + VT + N/Pron + Participle (分詞）
I heard my name called.
I feel something moving.
常用于這句型的動詞有：catch,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,leave,listen to,look at,notice,observe,perceive,see,set,smell,start,watch等.
6) S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive
He show me how to do it.
常用于這句型的動詞有：advise,ask,inform,show,teach,tell等.
7) S + VT + N/Pron + That-clause
He told me that the film was great.
常用于這句型的動詞有：assure,inform,promise,remind,teach,tell,warm等.
8) S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-Clause
He asked me what he should do.
常用于這句型的動詞有：Advise,ask,inform,show,teach,tell.
打字不易,大神..........句型和他的翻譯