no more than 和not more than 的區(qū)別
no more than的意思是“只不過(guò)”,not more than的意思是“不多于”.試比較：
There are no more than ten tickles left.剩下不到十張票.(有“票少”的含義)
The experiment was done by not more than 5 persons.做這個(gè)試驗(yàn)的人不到五個(gè).(沒(méi)有“多”或“少”的含義,只是客觀地說(shuō)明數(shù)目)
This room is no bigger than that.這個(gè)房間并不比那個(gè)大.(有“兩個(gè)房間都不大”的含義)
This room is not bigger than that one.這個(gè)房間不比那個(gè)大.(沒(méi)有“兩個(gè)房間都不大或都不小”的含義)
[注]注意not ….Any more than或no more...than在下面句子中的用法.如：
They cannot do the impossible any more than we can.他們和我們同樣不能做不可能的事情.
He is no more diligent than I am.他和我同樣不勤奮
no less than和not less than
no less than的意思是“不亞于”,not less than的意思是“不少于”.試比較：
There were no less than a thousand people at the meeting.
到會(huì)的有一千人之多.(有“到會(huì)人多”的含義)
There were not less than one thousand people at the meeting.
到會(huì)的至少有一千人.(沒(méi)有“到會(huì)人多或人少”的含義)
This song is no less popular than that one.這首歌之受歡迎不亞于那首歌.(有“兩首歌都受歡迎”的含義)
This song is not less popular than that one.這首歌受歡迎的程度不比那首差.(純粹比較.不一定有“兩首歌都受歡迎”的含義)
more...
英語(yǔ)教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)中,我們常常對(duì)more than,more...than,not more than,no more than這四種結(jié)構(gòu)的用法混淆或使用上出現(xiàn)差錯(cuò).現(xiàn)將其用法進(jìn)行歸納整理以便于大家區(qū)別使用.
1.more than的用法主要有:
1)用于數(shù)詞(或相當(dāng)于數(shù)詞的詞之前),作"多于、大于"解.如:
More than one man was killed.被殺害的不止一人.
2)作"非常,極其"解.如:
He is more than pleased.他非常高興.
They were more than willing to help.他們非常愿意幫忙.
3)作"超出……的"解.如:
I more than saw it,I felt it too.我不僅僅是看見(jiàn)了它,我都感覺(jué)到它了!
This is more than I can tell.那我就不知道了.
2.more...than常用形式為:more X than Y相當(dāng)于"X rather than Y","not so much Y as X","less Y than X"等,作"與其說(shuō)是Y不如說(shuō)是X"解.
He is more a scholar than a teacher.與其說(shuō)他是位教師毋寧說(shuō)他是位學(xué)者.
He is more brave than wise.他有勇無(wú)謀.
在使用此結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),要注意其與"X rather than Y","not so much Y as X","less Y than X"等結(jié)構(gòu)用法的區(qū)別.如:
He lay rather than sat in his armchair.與其說(shuō)他是坐在扶手椅里不如說(shuō)是躺在里邊.
Oceans don't so much divide the world as unite it.與其說(shuō)海洋分隔了世界,不如說(shuō)海洋連接世界.
The child was less hurt than frightened.這孩子傷倒不算什么,只是受驚不小.
3.not more than有兩種用法:
1)[后接名詞](=at most)作"不超過(guò)、至多"解.
There are not more than five books in the case.箱子里至多有五本書(shū).
He has learned not more than 100 words.他學(xué)會(huì)的詞不超過(guò)100個(gè).
2)[后接從句]往往為"not more...than"形式,作"還比不上"解.本句型側(cè)重點(diǎn)往往在后一個(gè)分句,譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí),仍按原來(lái)的語(yǔ)序.
I am not more mad than you.我哪里像你那么瘋.
This book is not more interesting than that one.這本書(shū)不如那本書(shū)有趣.
4.no more than=not any more than的使用比較復(fù)雜,其情況如下:
1)[后接名詞](=only)作"不過(guò),僅僅"解.
He is no more than a puppet.他不過(guò)是個(gè)傀儡.
2)[后接從句]這種結(jié)構(gòu)在不同的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境里有三種不同的用法及含義.
A.作"沒(méi)有比……更……"解,其形式往往為"no...more...than".
There is no social problem it is more incumbent upon us to understand than this of the role of custom.(Patterns of Culture,by Ruth Benedict)沒(méi)有比"風(fēng)俗的作用"這種社會(huì)問(wèn)題更迫切需要我們了解.
B.用于there be和to have這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞之后,作"一樣……多"解.
He has no more money than you have.他的錢(qián)和你一樣多.
C.作"同……一樣不"解,相當(dāng)于"not...just as...not".本句型側(cè)重點(diǎn)往往在前一個(gè)分句,譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)通常要把分句的次序顛倒,才能表達(dá)出重點(diǎn)來(lái).
The whale is no more a fish than the dog is.
=The whale is not a fish just as the dog is not a fish.如同狗一樣,鯨也不是魚(yú).
You can no more swim than I can fly.
=You can not swim just as I can not fly.你不能游泳正如我不能飛行一樣.
學(xué)習(xí)中尤其要注意no more...than和not more...than的區(qū)別:
no more...than含有消極,否定的意味,譯為"A與B都不……,不……也不"等.
not more...than含有積極,肯定的意味,表示程度上的差異.比較:
He is no more diligent than you.你不勤奮,他也不勤奮.(兩人都不勤奮)
He is not more diligent than you.他沒(méi)有你那么勤奮.(意指兩個(gè)人都勤奮,但你更勤奮)
She is no more a teacher than a worker.她既不是工人,也不是教師.
She is not more a teacher than a worker.說(shuō)她是個(gè)教師,倒不如說(shuō)她是個(gè)工人.