沙塵暴天氣的危害
The dangers of sandstorms
沙塵暴天氣是我國西北地區(qū)和華北北部地區(qū)出現(xiàn)的強災害性天氣,可造成房屋倒塌、交通供電受阻或中斷、火災、人畜傷亡等,污染自然環(huán)境,破壞作物生長,給國民經(jīng)濟建設和人民生命財產(chǎn)安全造成嚴重的損失和極大的危害.
Sandstorm weather is in northwest regions of north and north China appears strong severe weather, can cause houses collapsed, traffic power supply interruption, thwarted or fire, human and animals such as natural environment, pollution casualties, destroy crop growth, to the national economic development and people's life and property security caused heavy losses and a great deal of harm.
沙塵暴危害主要在以下幾方面：
Sandstorm harm main in the following aspects:
1、生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化
1, ecological environmental degradation
出現(xiàn)沙塵暴天氣時狂風裹的沙石、浮塵到處彌漫,凡是經(jīng)過地區(qū)空氣渾濁,嗆鼻迷眼,呼吸道等疾病人數(shù)增加.
Appear when sandstorm in the sand, floating dust storm wrapped by district, who was filled QiangBi fan, air turbid eyes, respiratory diseases increased.
如1993年5月5日發(fā)生在金昌市的強沙塵暴天氣,監(jiān)測到的室外空氣含塵量為1016毫米/立方厘米,室內(nèi)為80毫米/立方厘米,超過國家規(guī)定的生活區(qū)內(nèi)空氣含塵量標準的40倍.
If May 1993 happened on 5 of strong sandstorms singularity of outdoor air, monitoring to HanChenLiang for 1016 mm/cubic centimeters, indoor for 80 mm/cubic centimeters, more than the provisions of the state HanChenLiang standard life zone air 40 times.
2、生產(chǎn)生活受影響
2, production and living affected
沙塵暴天氣攜帶的大量沙塵蔽日遮光,天氣陰沉,造成太陽輻射減少,幾小時到十幾個小時惡劣的能見度,容易使人心情沉悶,工作學習效率降低.
Carry sandstorm in large dust weather always clouding shading, dark, cause the sun radiation reduce, several hours to ten hours of bad visibility, easy to make people feel boring, work study low efficiency.
輕者可使大量牲畜患染呼吸道及腸胃疾病,嚴重時將導致大量“春乏”牲畜死亡、刮走農(nóng)田沃土、種子和幼苗.
Light person can make lots of livestock dyed respiratory and stomach disease with, serious when will lead to lots of "spring deficient" cattle dead, blow, seeds and seedlings farmland fertile soil.
沙塵暴還會使地表層土壤風蝕、沙漠化加劇,覆蓋在植物葉面上厚厚的沙塵,影響正常的光合作用,造成作物減產(chǎn).
Sandstorm will also make the land surface soil erosion, desertification intensifies, covered in thick dust, the foliage plant photosynthesis, affecting the normal caused by crop.
3、生命財產(chǎn)損失
Three, life and property losses
1993年5月5日,發(fā)生在甘肅省金昌、威武、民勤、白銀等地市的強沙塵暴天氣,受災農(nóng)田253.55萬畝,損失樹木4.28萬株,造成直接經(jīng)濟損失達2.36億元,死亡50人,重傷153人.
On May 5, 1993, occurred in gansu province on jinchang, power, minqin, silver and other cities, the affected strong sandstorms 253.55 million acres of farmland, loss caused by 4.28 million plants, trees direct economic loss of 2.36 million yuan, death 50 people and wounded 153 people.
2000年4月12日,永昌、金昌、威武、民勤等地市強沙塵暴天氣,據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計僅金昌、威武兩地市直接經(jīng)濟損失達1534萬元.
April 12, 2000, yongchang, jinchang, power, such as strong sandstorms minqin supply, according to not complete count only two, majestic jinchang city direct economic loss of 1534 million yuan.
4、交通安全（飛機、汽車等交通事故）
4, traffic safety (planes, automobiles, traffic accidents)
沙塵暴天氣經(jīng)常影響交通安全,造成飛機不能正常起飛或降落,使汽車、火車車廂玻璃破損、停運或脫軌.
Sandstorm weather often affect traffic safety, causing the plane could not normal take off or land, make the car, train carriages derailed lines or damaged, glass.