以下是過(guò)去分詞的用法：
過(guò)去分詞表示“被動(dòng)和完成”(不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞不表示被動(dòng),只表示完成).分詞可以有自己的狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或邏輯主語(yǔ)等.
1)分詞作狀語(yǔ)分詞在句子中作狀語(yǔ),可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等.分詞做狀語(yǔ)時(shí),它的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)一致.作狀語(yǔ)的分詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句.【例如】
Accompanied by his friend,he went to the railway station.
2)“while ( when,once,until,if ,though等連詞)＋過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),有時(shí)可以在分詞前加while,when,once,although,until,if等連詞.【例如】
Once recovered,he threw himselfsintoshis work and made every effort to do it well.
3)分詞作定語(yǔ)分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),單個(gè)的分詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前,分詞短語(yǔ)一般置于所修飾的中心詞后面.過(guò)去分詞修飾承受該動(dòng)作的名詞(即與名詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系).【例如】
We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.
We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.
4)過(guò)去分詞可以在allow,ask,consider,desire,expect,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,like,make,observe,order,permit,prefer,remember,request,require,see,urge動(dòng)詞等后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).【例如】
After my encounter with her,I found myself greatly shaken.You should keep her informed of what is going on here.The teacher expected the students well prepared for the examination.
5)分詞作表語(yǔ)分詞作表語(yǔ)通常看作形容詞來(lái)用.現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì),而且主語(yǔ)多為物；過(guò)去分詞表示主語(yǔ)的感受或狀態(tài),主語(yǔ)多為人.【例如】
The film“Pearl Harbor”is really exciting.I am excited about it.
一般過(guò)去式的用法
1）在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982等.
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi),經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作.
When I was a child,I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit,they were given a warm welcome.
3）句型：
It is time for sb.to do sth "到……時(shí)間了" "該……了"
It is time sb.did sth."時(shí)間已遲了" "早該……了"
It is time for you to go to bed.你該睡覺(jué)了.
It is time you went to bed.你早該睡覺(jué)了.
would (had) rather sb.did sth.表示'寧愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish,wonder,think,hope 等用過(guò)去時(shí),作試探性的詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求、建議等.
I thought you might have some.我以為你想要一些.
比較：
一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都已成為過(guò)去,現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在.
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含義：她已不在人間.)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著)
Mrs.Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含義：達(dá)比太太已不再住在肯塔基州.)
Mrs.Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含義：現(xiàn)在還住在肯塔基州,有可能指剛離去)
注意：用過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在,表示委婉語(yǔ)氣.
1）動(dòng)詞want,hope,wonder,think,intend 等.
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could,would.
Could you lend me your bike?