1）協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫助動(dòng)詞（Auxiliary Verb）.被協(xié)助的動(dòng)詞稱作主要?jiǎng)釉~（Main Verb）.構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài),語態(tài)是助動(dòng)詞
助動(dòng)詞是語法功能詞,自身沒有詞義,不可單獨(dú)使用,它沒有對(duì)應(yīng)的漢譯,例如：
He doesn't like English.他不喜歡英語.
（doesn't是助動(dòng)詞,無詞義；like是主要?jiǎng)釉~,有詞義)
2） 助動(dòng)詞協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~完成以下功用,可以用來：
a.表示時(shí)態(tài),例如：
He is singing.他在唱歌.
He has got married.他已結(jié)婚.
b.表示語態(tài),例如：
He was sent to England.他被派往英國.
c.構(gòu)成疑問句,例如：
Do you like college life?你喜歡大學(xué)生活嗎?
Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學(xué)過英語嗎?
d.與否定副詞not合用,構(gòu)成否定句,例如：
I don't like him.我不喜歡他.
e.加強(qiáng)語氣,例如：
Do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上一定來參加晚會(huì).
He did know that.他的確知道那件事.
3） 最常用的助動(dòng)詞有：be,have,do,shall,will,should,would
be動(dòng)詞的用法
be
[bi:]
vi
現(xiàn)在時(shí) I am,you are,he is,we are,you are,they are （縮略式 I'm,you're,he's,we're,you're,they're）,（否定縮略式 I'm not,isn't,aren't）,過去時(shí) I was,you were,he was,we were,you were,they were （過去時(shí)否定縮略式 wasn't,weren't）,過去分詞 been,現(xiàn)在分詞 being
英語的“be”是個(gè)特別動(dòng)詞；有些語言,如中文和馬來文,并沒有“be”這樣的動(dòng)詞.
“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,還有另外七種形式：am,is,are,been,being,was,were.
在句子中,“be”可以是主動(dòng)詞(The Principal Verb)或助動(dòng)詞(The Auxiliary Verb).
【當(dāng)主動(dòng)詞時(shí),“be”在性質(zhì)上屬于接系動(dòng)詞(The Linking Verb),后面要有名詞、形容詞、地方副詞或短語作補(bǔ)足語(The Complement).例如：
1.The man is a science teacher.
2.Mary's new dresses are colourful.
3.I have been there before.
4.Mother is in the kitchen now.
【這四個(gè)都是陳述句,可以變成疑問句,方法簡單,把主語和“be”或助動(dòng)詞對(duì)換位置即可：
5.Is the man a science teacher?
6.Are Mary's new dresses colourful?
7.Have I been there before?
8.Is mother in the kitchen now?
【當(dāng)“be”要在祈使句中出現(xiàn)時(shí),它必須借重助動(dòng)詞“do”或“don't”之助,如：
9.Don't be silly!
10.Do be obedient!
11.Don't be a fool!
【“Be”有兩種縮寫法,如下：
12.He's not./He isn't.
13.You're not./You aren't...
【但“am + not”的縮寫法只有一個(gè)：
14.I'm not.
有人用“ain't”,但這并不是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語.
談過了“be”作主動(dòng)詞的功能,現(xiàn)在看看“be”作助動(dòng)詞時(shí),有些什么用法：
【1.】“Be + 現(xiàn)在分詞”以組成進(jìn)行式時(shí)態(tài)(Continuous Tenses),如：
15.Tony's maid is washing his new car.
16.The children are playing in the field.
17.Samuel was eating when I came in.
18.We have been living here since 1959.
【2.】“Be + 過去分詞”以組成被動(dòng)語態(tài)(The Passive Voice),如：
19.Her money in the drawer was stolen.
20.A number of good jobs are taken up byforeigners.
21.David studied in Taiwan but has been trained as a language lecturer in America.
22.Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park?
23.The disobedient boy was told to stand out- side the classroom.
24.Steps are being taken to reduce traffic con- gestion during peak hours.
25.Dishonest students will be immediately dealt with.