一、 She used to be a history teacher.
【句型介紹】該句句意為她過去是一名歷史老師. used to do sth. 表過去經(jīng)常做某事,暗示現(xiàn)在已不再如此,句中to后接動詞原形.只能用于過去時態(tài),并且可用于所有人稱.其否定形式為used not to ... 疑問形式為Used you to ... ? Used he to ... ? 等.而在口語中或不太正式的書面語中,否定形式為didn't use to ...,疑問形式為Did you use to ... ? Did he use to ... ? 等.
He doesn't smoke these days, but he used to (somke). 他現(xiàn)在不抽煙,但是他以前抽.
【句式比較】 1. be used to do sth.,被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),意為被用來做某事,句中to后接動詞原形.
This machine can be used to produce juice. 這臺機器可以用來做果汁.
2. be / get used to (doing) sth.,習(xí)慣于做某事,句中to為介詞,后接名詞、代詞、動名詞.
I'm not used to the noisy city life here. 我不習(xí)慣這兒喧囂的城市生活.
Are you used to singing loudly in public places? 你習(xí)慣在公共場所高聲唱歌嗎?
【特別提醒】注意各句型中to后面的動詞形式.
二、 what is worse
【句型介紹】 意思為更糟糕的是,常作為插入語,強調(diào)后出現(xiàn)的情況比先出現(xiàn)的情況更糟糕,含有強烈的感情色彩,?？商鎿Q成worse than all /ever, to make the matter worse.
It was very dark outside, and what was worse, it began to rain. 外面很暗,而糟糕的是,天開始下雨了.
I started very late, and worse than all, I met with a traffic jam. 我出發(fā)得很遲,更糟糕的是,又遇到了交通阻塞.
【句式比較】 1. what's more,更何況,強調(diào)后出現(xiàn)的情況程度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過先出現(xiàn)的情況.
I'm not afraid of it, because I work hard, and what's more, many friends will help me. 這一點我并不害怕,因為我工作很努力,更何況許多朋友會幫我.
2. besides也有更何況之意,其用法與what's more相同.
I'm sure he will be fired, because he has been late so many times, and besides he has caused so much loss to our company. 我確信他肯定會被解雇,因為他遲到了這么多次,更何況他給我們公司造成了這么多損失.
【特別提醒】 通過語境區(qū)分各句型.
三、 We're having a family meeting.
【句型介紹】該句句意為我們要開一個家庭會議, are having從結(jié)構(gòu)上看是現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài),但它表達(dá)的是將來時態(tài).在口語中come, go, fly, leave, move, travel等表位置移動的動詞常用現(xiàn)在進行時表示一般將來時態(tài).
I'm leaving for Shanghai next Monday. 我下周一要去上海.
He's moving into a new house tomorrow. 他明天要搬進新房去.
The boy's father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by telegraph.
【句型介紹】該句中so ... that ... 表示如此.以致.,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,so后面接形容詞、副詞原級.
She is so beautiful that many people like her. 她長得很漂亮,許多人都喜歡她.
so 有時出現(xiàn)在以that 引導(dǎo)的從句中表示非常的意思,如課本中出現(xiàn)的I'm so happy that you could come to England with us for the holidays.
【句式比較】
1. such ... that ...,如此.以致.,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,such后面接名詞順序為such + a / an + adj. + n., 而so 修飾時為 so + adj. + a / an + n..
It was such a wonderful film that I saw it many times. （It was so wonderful a film that I saw it many times.） 這場電影如此精彩以致于我看了很多遍.
It was such good news that he felt very excited at it. 這個消息很好,聽到之后他感到很激動.
2. so that,意為以便.時,引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,此時so that前面沒有逗號,后面常出現(xiàn)may, can等情態(tài)動詞；意為結(jié)果.時,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,此時so that前面常有逗號.
He started very early so that he could get there in time. 他出發(fā)得很早以便能及時到達(dá)那里.
【特別提醒】 著重從結(jié)構(gòu)、邏輯、標(biāo)點符號、習(xí)慣搭配等角度區(qū)分這些句型.
It's made of bamboo and animal's hair.
【句型介紹】 該句中be made of 表示由.制成,從成品中看得出原材料, 后面接材料.
This cup is made of paper. 這個杯子是由紙做的.
Those chairs are made of steel. 那些椅子是鋼做的.
【句式比較】
1. be made from,由.制成,從成品中看不出原材料, 后面也接材料.
Bread is made from flour. 面包是由面粉做的.
2. be made in,由某地制造,后接產(chǎn)地.
This kind of car is made in Shanghai. 這種小汽車是上海造的.
Bikes can be made in our city. 我市能生產(chǎn)自行車.
3. be made into,.制成了.
Class is made into bottles. 玻璃可制成瓶子.
4． be made by, 由某人制造,后接生產(chǎn)者.
The coat is made by Miss Wang at home. 這件外衣是由王小姐在家里做的.
5． be made up of, 由.組成, 指某物或某組織由某種成分或成員組成.
This TV set is made up of hundreds of different parts. 這臺電視機是由數(shù)百個不同的零件組裝成的.
一、It seems that ...
[句型介紹] 意為似乎是.；看起來好像.,it為形式主語,that后引導(dǎo)的從句為真正主語.
It seems that they are talking about something.似乎他們在談?wù)撌裁?
[比較] seem to do sth.似乎在做.
He seems to be a clever boy.他看起來像個聰明的男孩.
二、make one's way
[句型介紹] 意為一路前進；向前.
The soldiers made their way in the thick snow.戰(zhàn)士們在厚厚的雪地上前進.
The firemen are making their way out of the burning house. 消防隊員們正從燃燒的房子里沖出來.
[比較] feel one's way 摸索著前進；lose one's way 迷路；push one's way 擠著前進；fight one's way殺出一條路.
It was very dark outside, so he had to feel his way.外面很暗,所以他不得不摸索著前進.
The child lost his way at the cinema and with the help of the policeman he found his way to go home. 這個小孩兒在電影院迷路了,在警察的幫助下他找到了回家的路.
There were so many people at the station that they had to push their way. 火車站的人真多,他們不得不擠著前進.
The soldiers fought their way out of the enemy's encirclement. 戰(zhàn)士們從敵人的包圍圈中殺出了一條路.
三、on one's way to
[句型介紹] 意為在某人去某地的途中,one's也可換成the,to后面接地點名詞,若地點為副詞,應(yīng)省to.
On his / the way to Beijing, he found a secret. 在去北京途中他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個秘密.
She met with a traffic accident on her / the way home.回家途中她遭遇了車禍.
[比較] on one's way from ... to ...在某人從.到.途中
On my / the way home, I picked up a wallet. 回家路上,我拾到了一只皮夾子.
On their / the way from Shanghai to Beijing, they discussed this matter. 在從上海到北京的途中,他們討論了這個問題.
四、wait for one's turn to do sth.
[句型介紹] 意為等候輪到某人做某事,to do sth.為不定式作定語.
I am waiting for my turn to buy a ticket. 我在等著輪到我買票.
Are you waiting for your turn to take a bath? 你在等著洗澡嗎?
[比較] It's one's turn to do sth.輪到某人做某事；take turns at doing sth. 輪流做某事.
Is it your turn to clean the blackboard? 今天輪到你擦黑板嗎?
Whose turn is it to be on duty today? 今天輪到誰值日?
They took turns at watching at his bedside.他們輪流守護在他的床前.
[特別提醒] 這些句型中的turn均為名詞,表依次輪流的順序.
五、feel like doing sth.
[句型介紹] 意為想要做某事,feel like后面應(yīng)接動名詞作賓語.
I feel like having something to eat. 我想吃點兒東西.
Do you feel like going swimming? 你想去游泳嗎?
[比較] would / should like to do sth. 愿意做某事,should 常用于第一人稱,would用于各種人稱.
I would like to stay at home this afternoon. 今天下午我想呆在家里.
六、stop sb. from doing sth.
[句型介紹] 意為阻止某人做某事,句中stop可換成prevent或keep,from也可以省去,但keep sb. from doing sth.中的from不可省.
What stopped you (from) coming to see me?什么事讓你沒來看我?
[比較] protect ... from保護.不受.侵害
An umbrella can protect us from the rain. 雨傘能保護我們不被雨淋濕.
七、stand on one's head
[句型介紹] 意為倒立,為身體姿勢描繪用語.
The actress can stand on her head for five minutes. 這個女演員能倒立五分鐘.
Can you stand on your head? 你會倒立嗎?
[比較] stand on one's feet站著；stand on one foot 單足站立
Can you stand on one foot for an hour? 你能單腳站一個小時嗎?
Having stood on his feet for a long time, he felt very tired.站了很長時間了,他感到累了.
八、not ... until ...
[句型介紹] 意為直到.才.,表某一動作或狀態(tài)直到until或till所表示的時間為止才開始發(fā)生.
He didn't go home until 5 p.m. 直到下午五點,他才回家.
She didn't get married until she was thirty years old. 直到三十歲她才結(jié)婚.
[比較] do ... until / till,表示某一動作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到until/till所表示的時間為止才結(jié)束,其謂語動詞須為持續(xù)性動詞.
He worked until the clock struck twelve.他一直工作到鐘敲了十二點.
一、 lose oneself in
[句型介紹]意為沉溺于.,in為介詞,后接名詞、代詞、動名詞.
At the meeting, he lost himself in reading newspapers. 開會時,他讀報入了神.
She often loses herself in deep thought when she is alone. 獨自一人時,她經(jīng)常沉溺于思考之中.
[比較] be lost in迷失方向；沉溺于.
Take care, and not to be lost in the woods again.當(dāng)心別再在森林中迷路了.
[特別提醒] be lost in的主語為人稱代詞的主格或名詞,而不能為反身代詞.
二、 say to oneself
[句型介紹]意為心里想.,反身代詞和主語在人稱上應(yīng)保持一致.
I woke up at six and said to myself, It's still early.我六點鐘時醒了, 心想：還早呢.
When he heard what the teacher said, he said to himself, I should study hard. 當(dāng)他聽到老師的講話時,心想我應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí).
[比較] talk to oneself 自言自語,反身代詞和主語在人稱上也應(yīng)保持一致.
An old man likes to talk to himself. 老人喜歡自言自語.
三、 主語（人） + spend ...(in) doing sth.
[句型介紹]該句表示某人花費時間做某事,spend后面需接表時間的名詞,介詞in可以省去.
He spent quite a lot of time (in) working out this maths problem. 他花了許多時間才解出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題.
How much time did you spend(in) reading this book? 讀這本書花了你多長時間?
[比較]主語（人） + spend +金錢+ on sth.,花費金錢買某物；It costs /takes+時間+to do sth. 花費時間做某事；pay ... for ...,為.付款.
He spends most of his money on food.他把大部分錢用來買食物.
Did it take you much time to prepare for it?準(zhǔn)備這件事花了你很多時間嗎?
It cost me fifty yuan to buy this dictionary. 我花了五十元買了這本字典.
He paid twenty yuan for a pair of glasses. 他花了20元買了一副眼鏡.
四、 I'm sure that ...
[句型介紹] 該句表示對某事有肯定的認(rèn)識或判斷.
I'm sure that she is an honest girl. 我肯定她是一個誠實的女孩.
Are you sure that she has stolen your pen? 你能肯定是她偷了你的鋼筆嗎?
[比較] I'm not sure if ...,表示對某事沒有肯定的認(rèn)識或判斷,是I'm sure that 的否定句.
I'm not sure if he will come on time. 我無法確定他是否會按時來.
五、 get on with ...
[句型介紹] 意為在.取得進展；與.相處融洽,如果進展順利或相處融洽, on后面可加well,但此時該句不可用于How引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句.
-How are you getting on with your speech? 你的演講準(zhǔn)備得怎么樣了?
-I'm getting on well with it. 進展順利.
Can Tom get on well with his classmates? 湯姆能和他的同學(xué)融洽相處嗎?
[比較] get along with,含義及用法與get on with相同.
He is getting along well with his new book. 他的新書寫得很順利.
He is easy to get along well with. 他很容易相處.
六、 be fed up with ...
[句型介紹] 意為對.感到厭煩.with為介詞,后面應(yīng)接名詞、代詞、動名詞.
I'm fed up with working with him.我討厭和他共事.
Are you fed up with eating the same food every day? 你討厭每天吃同樣的食物嗎?
[比較] be tired of對.感到厭煩；討厭.
I'm tired of dealing with such kind of man. 我討厭和這樣的人打交道.