被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)4 步曲
第1步：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)助動(dòng)詞be的變化來(lái)表示.經(jīng)常考查的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)有：
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am / is / are + 及物動(dòng)詞的-ed形式
一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was / were + 及物動(dòng)詞的-ed形式
一般將來(lái)時(shí)：will / shall + be + 及物動(dòng)詞的-ed形式
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have / has been + 及物動(dòng)詞的-ed形式
含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can / should / must等)+ be + 及物動(dòng)詞的-ed形式
第2步：主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句
☆主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ).當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)含雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí),一般把代表人的賓語(yǔ)（即間接賓語(yǔ)）變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ),而把直接賓語(yǔ)留作被動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ).如果把主動(dòng)句的直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ),則間接賓語(yǔ)前須加上介詞（一般是for或to）.常接to的動(dòng)詞有：give,tell,lend,show,pass,hand等；常接for的動(dòng)詞有make,buy等.
☆主動(dòng)句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)形式,要注意助動(dòng)詞be的時(shí)態(tài)與主動(dòng)句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致,數(shù)與被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)保持一致.
☆主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中by的賓語(yǔ)（如為代詞,主格要變?yōu)橘e格）.
第3步：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)特例展示
特例1
主動(dòng)句中的謂語(yǔ)是“一感覺(jué)(feel)”、“兩聽(tīng)(hear,listen to)”、“三使(make,let,have)”、“四看(see,watch,look,notice)”時(shí),其后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式不用to,但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí),動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to要補(bǔ)上.
如：Someone noticed Mr Yu leave the office at about 9 am.
→Mr Yu was noticed to leave the office at about 9 am.
特例2
短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)不可分割的整體,在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí),不可丟掉構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的介詞或副詞,也不能將其拆開(kāi).
如：The workers put up a tall teaching building in our school last year.
→A tall teaching building was put up in our school last year
第4步：考點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè)訓(xùn)練
將下列句子改為被動(dòng)句.
1.The professor will give the students an English speech tomorrow.
An English speech to the students by the professor tomorrow.
2.They have painted their new house blue.
Their new house blue by them.
3.Mom bought me an MP4 player last weekend.
I an MP4 player by Mom last weekend.
An MP4 player 　　　　by Mom last weekend.
4.The joke Lisa told made all of us laugh.
All of us by the joke Lisa told.
5.You should take good care of these books.
These books 　　　　.
參考答案：
1.will be given 2.has been painted
3.was bought; was bought for me
4.were made to laugh 5.should be taken good care of