常見的完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
1．there be 句型.
There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk.桌上有一個手機(jī)和一些書.
引導(dǎo)詞there 還可以接appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,stand,live 等詞.
There lived an old fisherman in the village.村里住著一位老漁夫.
2．用于here,there,now,thus,then + 動詞 + 主語的句型中（謂語動詞多為be,go,come等）.
Here comes the bus．汽車來了.
3．以out,in,up,down,off,away等副詞開頭,謂語動詞是表示“移動”的go,come,leave等句子里.
Down fell the leaves.樹葉掉了下來.
在完全倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)里,如果主語是人稱代詞,則用正常語序.
Here we are.我們到了.
4．表示地點的介詞詞組位于句首,謂語動詞是表示“存在”之意的be,lie,stand,exist等句子中.
South of the lake lies a big supermarket.湖泊的南邊是一個大超市.
5.“表語+連系動詞+主語”結(jié)構(gòu).
Gone are the days when he was looked down upon.
他被人看不起的日子一去不復(fù)返了.
常見的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
1.含有否定意義的副詞或連詞（如not,seldom,little,hardly,never,rarely,nowhere等）放在句首時.
I have never seen him before.
——Never have I seen him before.
——Never before have I seen him.我以前沒見過他.
表示“剛……就……的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
Hardly had he started to leave when it began to rain.他剛要離開,天就下起了雨.
No sooner had he handed in his paper than he realized his mistakes.他剛交卷就意識到出錯了.
2.副詞only +狀語放在句首時.
Only then did I see life was not easy.只有那時我才知道生活是不易的.
3.so作“也”講時,引導(dǎo)的句子用倒裝語序,表示前面所說的肯定情況也適用于另一人(或物).其句型是：So + be（have,助動詞或情態(tài)動詞）+主語.
She has been to Tokyo.So have I.她去過東京,我也去過.
如果對前面所說的內(nèi)容,加以肯定,或不作“也”講而只起連詞作用,表示一種結(jié)果的意思,那不倒裝.
--- Jack won the first prize in the contest.杰克在比賽中獲一等獎.
--- So he did.確實是的.
4．Neither nor引導(dǎo)的句子用倒裝語序,用于對前面所說的否定內(nèi)容表示同樣的看法.
She wo’t go.NeitherNor will I.她不走,我也不.
如果前面所說的內(nèi)容既有肯定又有否定,或前后的謂語動詞形式不一致時,用“It is the same with +主語”結(jié)構(gòu)或用“So it is with +主語”結(jié)構(gòu).
He worked hard,but didn't pass the exam.So it was with his sister.他很努力,但沒有通過考試.他妹妹也是這樣.（既有肯定又有否定）
5.“so...that...和“such...that...”結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such位于句首時.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
——So excited was he that he could not say a word.他如此激動以至于一句話都說不出來.
6．一些表示頻率的副詞（如many a time,often等）位于句首時.
Many a time have I seen her taking a walk alone.我多次看到她獨(dú)自一人在散步.
7．表示方式、程度的副詞位于句首時.
Gladly would I accept your proposal.我很高興接受你的建議.
8．非謂語動詞 + be + 主語.
Covering much of the earth's surface is a blanket of water.覆蓋地球大部分表面的是水.