反義疑問句常用來征求對方的看法.其結(jié)構(gòu)為：+,-.或 -,+.（即前面的稱述句為肯定形式,后面的疑問句用否定形式；或者相反.)
這兩部分句子中的主語同指一人或事物,在時態(tài)、人稱、數(shù)上應(yīng)保持一致.另外,在英語中,無論問題是怎樣問的,只要答語的事實是肯定句,就要用YES；只要答語的事實是否定的,就要用NO.
1) 陳述部分的主語是I,疑問部分要用 aren't I或am't I 或 am I not（但不可以用am not I）
I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?
2) 陳述部分的謂語是wish,疑問部分要用may +主語.
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3) 陳述部分用 barely, scarcely, never, no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時,疑問部分用肯定含義.
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never bloom, do they?
He seldom goes to the cinema, does he?
*但若是具有否定意義的前綴或后綴的詞(或者是fail,miss等詞)時（不把它視為否定詞）,疑問部分仍用否定形式
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is unfit for his office, isn’t he?
Your sister dislikes ice-cream, doesn’t she?
The patient is hopeless, isn’t he?
You missed the early bus this morning, didn’t you?
You failed (in) the math exam, didn’t you?
4) 陳述部分主語是不定代詞（或指示代詞）everybody, nobody, somebody, everyone, no one ,someone等時,反義疑問句中的代詞用they/he,(口語多用they）若是everything, something, anything, that, nothing, this等時,疑問部分只能用it.（陳述部分的主語是each of...結(jié)構(gòu)時,附加疑問句在強調(diào)整體時用they,當(dāng)作個別時用he.）
No one was hurt in the accident, were they/was he? 沒有人在這次事故中受傷,是不是?
Everyone knows the answer, don't they/doesn’t he?
Nobody knows about it, do they/does he?
Everything seems all right, doesn't it?
Everything is ready, isn't it?
*含有否定含義的詞在陳述部分作動詞的賓語時,其反意疑問句用肯定結(jié)構(gòu),也可以用否定結(jié)構(gòu).例如：
You got nothing from him, did you/didn’t you? 你從他那兒什么也沒得到,是嗎?
*陳述部分的主語是不定代詞one時,反意疑問句的主語可以用one,也可用you(美式英語用he).
*One can’t be careful enough, can one / can he/can you?
5) 含有ought to 的反意疑問句,陳述部分是肯定的,疑問部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語.
He ought to know what to do, oughtn’t he? / shouldn't he?
6) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑問部分常用don't +主語（didn't +主語）.
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
7) 陳述部分的謂語是used to 時,疑問部分用didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語.
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
The old man used to be a farmer, usedn’t he / didn’t he?
8) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn't you
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
9) 陳述部分有would rather +v.,疑問部分多用 wouldn't +主語.
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he? 他寧可讀十遍也不愿意背誦,是嗎?
10) 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn't +主語.
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 你想和我們一塊去,對嗎?
11) 感嘆句中,疑問部分用be +主語.
What colors, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陳述部分由neither… nor, either… or 連接的并列主語時,疑問部分根據(jù)其實際邏輯意義而定.
Neither you nor I am an engineer, are we?
13)陳述部分為主語從句或并列復(fù)合句,疑問部分有三種情況：
a. 并列復(fù)合句疑問部分,謂語動詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定.
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
He studies hard and he is often praised by his teachers, isn’t he?
b. 帶有定語從句,賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句,疑問部分謂語根據(jù)主句的謂語而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句謂語是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的定語從句,疑問部分與賓語從句相對應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問句.(注意主句人稱的區(qū)別)
I don't think he is bright, is he?（They don't think he is bright, do they?）
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
14) 帶情態(tài)動詞dare或need的反意疑問句,疑問部分常用 need (dare ) +主語.
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
當(dāng)dare, need 為實義動詞時,疑問部分用助動詞do + 主語.
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
You needn’t do it, need you/must you?
You needn’t have told him the news, need you
15)祈使句的反意疑問句,疑問部分用will you(won’t you,有些還有would you；甚至有can you; can’t you; why don’t you; could you;).——用will you 多表示“請求”,用won't you 多表示提醒對方注意；但是在否定的祈使句后, 只能用will you
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
Be quiet, would you/can’t you?
Give me some cigarettes, can’t you?
Don’t forget, will you?
*Let us do it as we please \ like to, will you? \ can you?
*Let’s us do it right now, shall we? \ can we?
*Come here, will you \ won’t you \ can you \ can’t you \ do you \ don’t you?
*Don’t say anything, will you \ can you \ do you?
*Tom, you clean the window, will you?
注意： Let's 開頭的祈使句,后用shall we/ shan't we
Let us(=allow us) 開頭的祈使句,后用will you
*Let的賓語是me時,可用will you或may I；Let us/me...后的反意疑問句用will you或won't you
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
Let me use your phone, will you/may I?
*16) 陳述部分有must 的疑問句,疑問部分根據(jù)實際情況而定.
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
must在表"推測"時,根據(jù)其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句.
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
We must be more polite in this occasion, needn’t we?------表示“必須”,必要性
He must be a brave man, isn’t he?----------------他肯定是個勇敢的人,不是嗎?
It must have rained last night, didn’t it?----------昨晚肯定下過雨了,沒下嗎?
He mush have known the answer, hasn’t he?----他肯定已經(jīng)知道答案了,還沒知道嗎?
①表示“義務(wù),必須”→must
You must work hard next term, mustn’t you?
You mustn’t walk on grass, must you?----mustn’t表示“禁止”
②表示“有必要”→mustn’t/needn’t
You must go home right now, mustn’t you/needn’t you?
③表示“一定,想必”等推測意義→must或根據(jù)語境用其他動詞或助動詞
He must be very tired, mustn’t he/isn’t he?
He must have waited here for a long time, hasn’t he?
You must have seen the play last week, didn’t you?
*He can’t have done such a foolish thing, has he?他不可能做過這么愚蠢的事,做過了嗎?
So he has known the secret, hasn’t he?
17.All we needed has been bought, hasn’t it? ----all指物：單
All we invited have arrived, haven’t they?----all指人：復(fù)
18）have作謂語
①表示“擁有”
You had no time for reading, did you ? \ had you?
He has a brother, hasn’t he, \ doesn’t he?
Oh, you have the same type of cell phone as I, do you?
*注意“否定形式”的時候：問句中動詞由陳述句中的動詞形式而定.例如：
He hasn’t a house of his own, has he?
He doesn’t have a house of his own, does he?
②不表示“有”
We have to go without him, don’t we ?
You have your dinner at school, don’t you?
He has a rest every two hours, doesn’t he?
You often have headaches, don’t you?