will,be going to都有表將來(lái)的意思,后者側(cè)重有計(jì)劃的將來(lái)事件,如I am going to the movie this aftermoon.說(shuō)明我已經(jīng)計(jì)劃好下午去看電影,而will就不能表達(dá)出這種意思.一般情況下二者可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換（同義句）!shall是一個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,在不同的句子中有不同的意思,但其后面往往加動(dòng)詞原形.有一點(diǎn)要注意,Let's開(kāi)頭的反意疑問(wèn)句只能用shall引導(dǎo)!如let's go shopping ,shall we?
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一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài). 一 . 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成： 1. 由助動(dòng)詞“ shall/ will ＋動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成, shall 用于第一人稱, will 用于第二、第三人稱,而美式英語(yǔ)在陳述句中無(wú)論什么人稱,一律用 will . 2. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的否定和疑問(wèn)形式： 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的否定形式是 will not ,縮寫為 won't; shall not ,縮寫為 shan't . 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的疑問(wèn)形式是把 will/ shall 提到主語(yǔ)前.如： He won’t go to the park this Sunday. 本周日他不去公園. Will you go swimming with me? 和我一起去游泳好嗎? 二 . 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的基本用法： 表示“純粹的將來(lái)”： ①表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況,常帶有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如 tomorrow, next week, in two days, from now on 等.如： It will be fine tomorrow. 明天天氣晴朗. ②表示預(yù)料將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況.如： You will feel better after having this medicine. 吃了這藥,你就會(huì)感覺(jué)好些的. ③表示由于習(xí)慣傾向而會(huì)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,本用法中的 will 要重讀.如： Boys will be boys. 〔諺語(yǔ)〕男孩畢竟是男孩. 2. 表示“帶有情態(tài)意義的將來(lái)”,用來(lái)表示意圖,用 will 來(lái)表示.如： I will be more careful next time. 下次我要更加小心. I won't go shopping this afternoon, but she will. 今天下午我不想去購(gòu)物,但她想去. will 在疑問(wèn)句中,用來(lái)表示有禮貌地征詢對(duì)方的意見(jiàn).如： Will you have some more tea? 要不要再喝點(diǎn)茶? What shall we do this weekend? 本周末我們要干什么? 三 . 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的其它幾種表示法： 1. 用 be going to 表示： be going to 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞,與其后的動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語(yǔ),表示近期將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).如： I'm going to see a film this afternoon. 今天下午我想去看電影. ①“ be going to ＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示主觀上打算在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要做某事.如： Her mother is going to buy her a new bike. 她媽媽要給她買輛新自行車. ②“ be going to ＋動(dòng)詞原形”還可以表示說(shuō)話人根據(jù)已有的跡象認(rèn)為將要發(fā)生的事.如： It's going to rain. 快要下雨了. 2. 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)意義 句中的動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),但所表示的意義卻是一般將來(lái)時(shí).如： Are you free tomorrow? ＝ Are you going to be free tomorrow? 你明天有空嗎? 在時(shí)間 / 條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句習(xí)慣上用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的意義.如： Please tell him to go when he comes. 他來(lái)時(shí),就讓他去. 3. 用位置移動(dòng)的行為動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)意義： 這些動(dòng)詞有 come, go, leave, begin, arrive, start 等.如： We are leaving tomorrow .我們明天要走了 一般將來(lái)時(shí)練習(xí): ( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month. A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work ( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow? – No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. （不,不要.） A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please. ( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ it for you if you want it at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to give ( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 13. He ________ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating. A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine ( ) 15. – Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? – No, ________ （不去）. A. they willn’t. B. they won’t. C. they aren’t. D. they don’t. 1. C 這個(gè)句型是there be與be going to的結(jié)合,結(jié)合后是there is going to be. 2. D A是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的,B與 C 構(gòu)成都有問(wèn)題,doesn’t 與be going to 后面都應(yīng)該放動(dòng)詞原型. 3. D 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)this week和next week斷定出前半句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),根據(jù)后半句判斷應(yīng)該是一般將來(lái)時(shí). 4. D 理由同第一題的一樣. 5. D be free是固定搭配,所以無(wú)論是用be going to句型還是用will句型都不能少了be. 6. B.. 根據(jù)next birthday判斷,這個(gè)句子應(yīng)該是一般將來(lái)時(shí)的,它的構(gòu)成應(yīng)該是will + 動(dòng)詞原形. 7．C 事實(shí)上這個(gè)句子不是一般將來(lái)時(shí),是一個(gè)請(qǐng)求別人許可的句子.所以回答的時(shí)候應(yīng)該比較客氣. 8．D at once 是一個(gè)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),所以這個(gè)用一般將來(lái)時(shí). 9．B 從句子結(jié)尾的問(wèn)號(hào)看,這個(gè)句子是問(wèn)句,只有B選項(xiàng)是按照問(wèn)句的形式給出的. 10．B 這是一個(gè)典型的主將從現(xiàn)的句型,條件從句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)的,主句應(yīng)該是將來(lái)時(shí)的. 11．D on her next birthday.這個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)說(shuō)明時(shí)態(tài)上應(yīng)該是一般將來(lái)時(shí). 12．C 這是一個(gè)典型的主將從現(xiàn)的句型,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)的,主句應(yīng)該是將來(lái)時(shí)的. 13．C in three days是一個(gè)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),意思是三天以后,所以是一般將來(lái)時(shí)的句子. 14．C 這是一個(gè)典型的主將從現(xiàn)的句型,主句是將來(lái)時(shí)的,條件從句應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在時(shí)的. 15．B 所問(wèn)要所答.可什么時(shí)候用will,shall ,be going to 呢如下面這幾道題︰用will,shall ,be going to 填空1.My parents——―go to work at 7︰30.2.Where ――you go？ 3.Who ――borrow a pen？1are going to 2, will 3, will