不定式的定義
動詞不定式的概念：動詞不定式指由to 加上動詞原形（而且只能是動詞原形）所構(gòu)成的一種非限定性動詞,但在有些情況下to可以省略.動詞不定式在語法功能上可作主語 、賓語、表語、定語和狀語.動詞不定式的構(gòu)成與形式：動詞不定式可以作以上各種成分,但它畢竟是動詞,所以有動詞的屬性.動詞不定式及其短語還可以有自己的賓語、狀語,雖然動詞不定式在語法上沒有表面上的直接主語,但它表達的意義是動作,這一動作一定由使動者發(fā)出.這一使動者我們稱之為 邏輯主語,其形式如下：主動形式 被動形式 一般式 （not） to make （not） to be made 完成式 （not） to have made （not） to have been made 進行式 （not） to be making 完成進行式 （not） to have been making 1) 現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時表示的動詞,有時與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生,有時發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作之后.He seems to know this.I hope to see you again.= I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再見到你.2) 完成時：表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前.I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.He seems to have caught a cold.3) 進行時：表示動作正在進行,與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生.He seems to be eating something.4) 完成進行時：She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
[編輯本段]一、作賓語
1) 動詞+ 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 舉例：The driver failed to see the other car in time.司機沒能及時看見另一輛車.I happen to know the answer to your question.我碰巧知道你那道問題的答案.2）動詞+不定式 ；動詞+賓語+不定式 ask,beg,choose,expect ,hate,help intend like,love,need prefer,prepare,promise,want,wish… I like to keep everything tidy.我喜歡每件東西都保持整潔.I like you to keep everything tidy.我喜歡你能使每件東西都保持整潔.I want to speak to Tom.我想和湯姆談話.I want you to speak to Tom.我想讓你和湯姆談話.3） 動詞+疑問詞+ to decide,know,consider forget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,find out,explain,tell Please show us how to do that.請演示給我們?nèi)绾稳プ?There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有這么多的錄音機,我都拿不定主意買哪一種.注意:疑問詞帶不定式在句中作成分時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).The question is how to put it into practice.問題是怎樣把它付諸實施.